Dictyostelium cells shown to lay 'breadcrumb trail' as first step in multicellular formation
| 12/1/2008 | When starved of their food source and then presented with a chemoattractant signal like cAMP, individual Dictyostelium cells acquire a polarized morphology and aggregate to form a migrating stream. This is the first step in a developmental program that culminates in the formation of a multicellular organism. Kriebel et al. show how this streaming response is coordinated at a single-cell level... [Comments] |
Claudin 11 stops the leaks in neuronal myelin sheaths
| 12/1/2008 | Devaux and Gow demonstrate how a tight junction protein called claudin 11 makes the neuronal myelin sheath a snug fit. The study will be published in the December 1, 2008 issue of the Journal of Cell Biology ( www.jcb.org ). Like the rubber coating on a copper wire, the myelin sheatha membrane extension of glial cells that spirals around the axons of neuronscreates an insulation laye... [Comments] |
Prostate cancer spurs new nerves
| 12/1/2008 | Prostate cancer and perhaps other cancers promotes the growth of new nerves and the branching axons that carry their messages, a finding associated with more aggressive tumors, said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine in the first report of the phenomenon that appears today in the journal Clinical Cancer Research . Previous research showed that prostate cancer follows the growth... [Comments] |
Marked improvement in body image, physical stamina, post-surgical pectus patients report
| 12/1/2008 | Patients who have had the common chest wall deformity known as pectus excavatum corrected report improved body image and ability to exercise, according to a study published December in the journal Pediatrics . The study, conducted at 11 North American hospitals, involved telephone interviews of more than 200 patients between the ages of 8 and 21 who had pectus excavatum surgery. Research... [Comments] |
Researchers learn that some 'good cholesterol' isn't good enough
| 11/30/2008 | If you think your levels of "good cholesterol" are good enough, a new study published in the December 2008 issue of The FASEB Journal suggests that you may want to think again. In the report, researchers from the University of Chicago challenge the conventional wisdom that simply having high levels of good cholesterol (HDL) and low levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) is necessary for good heath.... [Comments] |
European ancestry increases breast cancer risk among Latinas
| 11/30/2008 | PHILADELPHIA Latina women have a lower risk of breast cancer than European or African-American women generally, but those with higher European ancestry could be at increased risk, according to data published in the December 1 issue of Cancer Research , a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. "We need to study the possible factors that are placing Latina women of high E... [Comments] |
Persistent pollutant may promote obesity
| 11/30/2008 | Tributyltin, a ubiquitous pollutant that has a potent effect on gene activity, could be promoting obesity, according to an article in the December issue of BioScience . The chemical is used in antifouling paints for boats, as a wood and textile preservative, and as a pesticide on high-value food crops, among many other applications. Tributyltin affects sensitive receptors in the cells of... [Comments] |
BioScience tip sheet, December 2008
| 11/30/2008 | The December 2008 issue of BioScience includes a Special Section consisting of four articles on Endocrine Disruptors in the Environment, coordinated by Louis J. Guillette, Jr., of the University of Florida. The complete list of research articles in the issue is as follows: Meeting the Challenges of Aquatic Vertebrate Ecotoxicology. Michael J. Carvan III, John P. Incardona, and Matth... [Comments] |
Scientists developing food allergy treatment
| 11/30/2008 | A team of scientists from across Europe are embarking on new research to develop a treatment for food allergy. "Food allergy affects around 10 million EU citizens and there is no cure," says Dr Clare Mills of the Institute of Food Research, a lead partner in the Food Allergy Specific Therapy (FAST) research project. "All people with food allergy can do is avoid the foods to which they are a... [Comments] |
Cell movements totally modular, Stanford study shows
| 11/30/2008 | STANFORD, Calif. A study describing how cells within blood vessel walls move en masse overturns an assumption common in the age of genomics that the proteins driving cell behavior are doing so much multitasking that it would be near impossible to group them according to a few discrete functions. But now researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have shown that distinct... [Comments] |