Three natural variants in the gene for DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), an enzyme required for the production of dopamine and serotonin, together accounted for 15 percent of the genetic contribution to variation in life span among strains of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, according to recent research by geneticists at North Carolina State University.
"This is a surprisingly large effect for a gene affecting a complex trait, such as longevity or body size, which is typically controlled by many genes with relatively small effects," said Dr. Trudy Mackay, William Neal Reynolds Professor of genetics at NC State and director of the study.
Results of the study appear in the paper "Dopa decarboxylase affects variation in Drosophila longevity," published in the July 27 online edition of Nature Genetics.
The fruit fly is a handy model organism for studying the genetics of longevity and other complex traits in animals. "We can make designer genotypes in fruit flies and test the effects of mutations," said Mackay.
The three variants interacted in a complex way to affect variation in longevity. Some variants in the DDC gene increased life span of the fruit flies and others decreased it. Interestingly, some variants that were associated with increased life span were not present in the population as frequently as expected, while others associated with decreased life span were more common than expected. Natural selection processes do not simply favor longevity; instead, they promote variability in life span.
The research was a collaboration among scientists at NC State University and the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian
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Contact: Dr. Trudy Mackay
trudy_mackay@ncsu.edu
919-515-5180
North Carolina State University
30-Jul-2003