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ICSI: Is it really safe?

S technique eliminates sperm with chromosome abnormalities

A groundbreaking invention by a team from Yale University should eliminate a major concern about ICSI safety chromosome abnormalities in the children born by this technique.

Scientists from the university's School of Medicine will present to the ESHRE conference (Tuesday 2 July) the concept and first results of a method they have developed for selecting individual mature sperm with very low frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and a high degree of DNA integrity.

Previous research by the team showed a close correlation between the proportion of immature sperm (which are often used in ICSI) and the frequency of aneuploidy (i.e. sperm that possess more or less than the usual one copy of each chromosome). This correlation was linked to low levels of a sperm protein called HspA2.

HspA2 is synthesised at two points of sperm development firstly as a component of the molecular 'scaffold' that allows chromosomes to cross over in the process of cell division, and secondly at the final stages of sperm formation whereby immature spermatids assume the shape of recognisable spermatozoa with heads and tails. At this final stage there is also a remodelling of the cell membrane in the maturing spermatids and formation of a new feature of the outer 'shell' of the mature sperm - the binding site for hyaluronic acid (HA). Thus, the Yale team has identified a crucial relationship between the genetic content and surface properties of sperm. It is by using the HA binding site on mature sperm that ICSI sperm pre-selection has been facilitated - similar to the principle of a 'mature sperm magnet'.

The research team led by Professor Gabor Huszar,* whose work is supported by the National Institutes of Health, tested the incidence of chromosomal aberrations (with probes for the X and Y sex and 17 autosomal chromosomes) in the initial semen fraction and in the HA selected fracti
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Contact: Margaret Willson
m.willson@mwcommunications.org.uk
European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology
1-Jul-2002


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