Salk professor Joseph Ecker and his team worked on the common mustard seed plant Arabidopsis-the first plant to have its entire genome sequenced by a consortium that included Ecker and other scientists throughout the world-to focus on the complex issue of how genes function.

"Sequencing is just the beginning of understanding how any organism functions," said Ecker. "Once the Arabidopsis genome was sequenced, we asked how many of the plant's approximately 25,000 genes have people actually worked on. Less than 10 percent have been touched by any scientist."

Ecker and his team used Agrobacterium T-DNA insertions into the genes of Arabidopsis to identify mutations in two-thirds (approximately 21,000 of 25,500) of all Arabidopsis genes, providing the largest collection of sequenced mutations known for any higher multi-cellular organism.

"The availability of the complete genome sequence and new technologies have made possible what we believe is the definitive study of this issue. These results provide significant new information in both the areas of functional genomics and basic plant biology," said Ecker.

As part of the study, Ecker and his colleagues focused on unraveling the precise molecular pathway that governs how ethylene gas works in plants. For agriculture, ethylene gas is a vital chemical messenger important for such processes as fruit ripening and how plants respond to pathogenic organisms.

To share their findings with other researchers, Ecker and his team have developed a public database (http://signal.salk.edu). The database, containing more than 120,000 sequenced-indexed gene mutations and their corresponding mutants, is unprecedented for any model organism. Using a simple search of the database no
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Contact: Robert Bradford
bradford@salk.edu
858-453-4100 x1290
Salk Institute
31-Jul-2003