ACS weekly press package April ...( laughter conditions on the farm can aff...)

laughter conditions on the farm can affect the texture of fish on the consumers plate. The group, from the French research organization INRA, is scheduled to report their findings in the May 3 issue of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Slaughter of farmed fish may involve crowding, stress, and muscle activity and produces corresponding biochemical changes in the edible fish muscle. The result can be fish with a softer and less desirable texture, for instance, or other undesirable qualities.
Morzels group identified a protein desmin that can serve as a marker for pre-slaughter stress and the resulting undesirable changes in muscle. They did the work with proteomics, a technology often associated more with medicine than food science. Just as genomics is the study of the genome (all the genes in a cell), proteomics is the study of the proteins and their interactions.

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ARTICLE #5
The brain enzyme responsible for Canavan disease
Canavan disease is a rare but fatal inherited degenerative brain disorder. It mainly affects children of eastern and central European Jewish (Ashkenazi) descent, which includes about 90 percent of the Jews in America. About one in 40 Ashkenazi Jews carries the gene for Canavan disease. If both parents are carriers, there is a 1 in 4 chance with each pregnancy that their child will have Canavan Disease. A carrier screening test is available(more information at www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/canavan/canavan.htm).
Mutations in that single gene lead to the malfunctioning of an important brain enzyme called aspartoacylase. This results in degradation of the myelin sheath that insulates the axons to allow efficient transmission of nerve impulses in the brain. Consequently, the infants carrying these mutations fail to develop, leading to blindness, lack of muscle
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Contact: Michael Woods
m_woods@acs.org
202-872-4400
American Chemical Society
8-May-2006

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