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New groundbreaking findings in taste, smell and chemical irritation

channels in taste cells. The sensitivity to fats and with it fat intake seem to be determined by the ratio of fatty acid-sensitive to fatty acid-insensitive potassium channels. The different channels that play these roles have been identified.

  • Obesity's vicious cycle: High fat diets tune down your taste bud's fat sensors -- Eating a high fat diet leads to a peripheral insensitivity to fats both in terms of expression of fat receptors and how taste cells respond to fats. This insensitivity to fats leads to a greater intake of fat in the diet and contributes to and maintains the obese state.

  • Making scents of olfactory neurogenesis -- In the olfactory bulb, the first central relay of olfactory information, newborn neurons are integrated throughout adult life. The addition of new neurons into mature circuits represents another means, in addition to molecular, synaptic or morphological alterations within individual cells, by which the brain can make changes to its own functional circuitry. Indeed, this cell-level renovation is not static or merely restorative; instead, adult neurogenesis constitutes an adaptive response to challenges imposed by an animal's olfactory environment and/or its internal state.

  • Male elephant chemical calling cards contain mirrored chemistry of precise messages -- The exact chemical blend of a pheromone, frontalin, emitted by older male elephants in musth influences both a female elephant's interest in mating and how other surrounding elephants behave. The use of a precise proportion of two mirror image forms is the first mammalian example for specific intra-species chemical signaling.

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  • 17-Apr-2006


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