Together, these degenerative diseases are the biggest cause of blindness in rich countries, affecting tens of millions of people. While Bryant's improvement is the most dramatic, four other patients have also had good results. When New Scientist reported the initial results of these retinal transplants last year (1 February 2003, p 14), experts cautioned that the results could be due to the rescue effect: a short-term improvement triggered by the release of growth factors after eye surgery. That appears increasingly unlikely, because the rescue effect usually lasts only months. "We have shown the way," says Robert Aramant at the University of Louisville in Kentucky, who developed the transplant technique with his colleague Magdalene Seiler. "It is possible to reverse these incurable diseases." No other technique has come close to achieving this. The team has received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration to carry out further transplants on people with less advanced disease, and Aramant believes the results will be even better.
There is a catch, of course. The sheets of retinal cells used by the team are harvested from aborted fetuses, which some people find objectionable. There is also a practical problem. Although millions of terminations are performed each year in the US alone, the f
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27-Oct-2004