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Outcomes of patients in trials; Better blood pressure treatment; Snake bites, and more

71/journal.pmed.0030229

PRESS-ONLY PREVIEW OF THE ARTICLE: http://www.plos.org/press/plme-03-06-del_mar.pdf

Snake bite: gene technology will improve treatment

Scientists are using gene technology to find new treatments for an increasingly wide range of health conditions. Now, a research group in Liverpool, UK is applying the technique to a much neglected problem--they hope to find new and better 'antivenoms' to treat the victims of snakebite. Their study is published in the latest issue of PLoS Medicine.

It is hard to estimate how many people are bitten by snakes but the World Health Organization figure is around 2.5 million a year, with about 125,000 deaths. Most snakebites occur in Southeast Asia and Africa. Another article in the latest PLoS Medicine being published on 5 June discusses the global snakebite problem (see press release issued May 30).

Antivenoms to treat snakebite are conventionally made by injecting horses or sheep with snake venom. The animals' immune systems respond to the venom by producing the antivenoms. However, when given to a snakebite patient, antivenoms can trigger unpleasant side-effects, as well as acting against the venom.

Recent scientific discoveries have led to new ways of finding which parts of an animal's genetic sequence are active in any one particular part of the body, and also whether the proteins produced from these genes are likely to cause illness. A snake's venom gland, where the venom is made, can be analysed this way. The Liverpool researchers wanted to use this information to develop a more rational way of designing antivenoms.

The research team studied the venom glands of the carpet viper, the snake responsible for most snake bites in West Africa. They isolated expressed sequence tags (ESTs) produced by the venom glands. Each EST is a small part of the active part of a gene. They then fo
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Contact: Andrew Hyde
ahyde@plos.org
44-122-346-3330
Public Library of Science
5-Jun-2006


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