Bacterial Toxin Surprises Scientists
... subtle rearrangement of a few amino acids. Never before has anyone seen such a large portion of protein cross to the opposite side of a membrane to open a channel. This protein movement is especially surprising because it requires a long stretch of water-soluble amino acid...Enzyme's "Magic" May Hold Key to Anticancer and Antimicrobial Drugs
...clutching two ends of a severed DNA strand before rejoining them (see figure). "Basically, what this type of drug does is to convert the normal enzyme into a DNA-damaging agent. Therefore, the more enzyme you have, the more potent the drug becomes." This is an unusual ...Researchers Pinpoint Site For Petit Mal Seizures In Brain
...h they stare blankly and may blink rapidly or sway before recovering. "Absence seizures usually take hold at a critical period in a child's initial education, and may be interpreted as a learning disability or isolate them from other children," Caddick said in an interview at Duke. "If these studies lead t...Duke Geologists Explore Alternative Way To Measure Ice Age Sea Bottom Temperatures
...earchers cautioned that more work needs to be done before the calcium-magnesium method is thoroughly tested. Among other things, the calcium-magnesium ratios in fossil shells could be unacceptably changed as the specimens deteriorate over time. "What Gary is trying to do is determine temperature changes ind...Duke Researchers Show "Editing" Can Fix Faulty Genes In New Approach To Gene Therapy
...s an active participantin editing genetic messages before they are translated into protein. The editing app...f superfluousinformation that has to be edited out before the mRNA is decoded into thefinal protein product. Cells have evolved an efficient system that usesR...Freshwater Sponges May Pose Threat To Zebra Mussels
...ocks, Kelch said. "Freshwater sponges were here before the zebra mussel, but not in the abundance that we...els now cause? Kelch said more research is needed before an answer is known. The research appeared in a recent issue of the Canadian Journal of Fisheries...New Discovery About Genes Has Implications For Genetic Therapy
...ry specific site. Much more work will be required before the process could be used for any therapeutic purposes, he said. Lambowitz's team, along with researcher Phillip S. Perlman, a biochemist from the Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, was supported by grants from the National Institute of Genera...Mutate Or Die: New Polymerase Gives Desperate Yeast An Option
...DNA from propagating and to squelch geneticmishaps before they develop into full-blown disease. The en...that even the body's internal editors can't fix it before replicationoccurs. Unrepaired damage usually stymies polymerases, whichnormally zip along a sec...DNA Techniques Allow Scientists To Become Pollution Detectives.
... said. "There was never a way todifferentiate that before this research." Initial testing pointed the finger in both directions, the UFscientists found. "Both entities, human and animals were polluting, but wildlifecauses a significant amount of pollution in Apalachicola Bay,"Tamplin said. From their testin......years of careful breeding, testing, and evaluation before a variety is ready for release. New grapes that have been bred for the climate are eagerly anticipated. Under the leadership of Bruce Reisch, Professor of Grape Genetics in Cornell University's Department of Horticultural Sciences at the Geneva Agri...Researchers Use Hydrated Lime To Reduce Toxic Selenium Emissions
...ave studied ways to capture selenium from flue gas before itescapes into the atmosphere. The researchers found that hydratedlime, which has been shown effective in controllingsulfur dioxideemissions in flue gas, can also be used to reduce selenium. The fine, powdery lime is injected into the plant's boiler ...Water Recycling Project Tested in Turkey Plant
...the import of products treated with chlorine."Even before the direct application process become commercially available,we are having a beneficial effect on the chiller with our recycling processbecause it allows the operator to turn the water at a higher rate than mandatedminimums," Baldwin noted....Core Spins Faster Than Earth, Scientists Find
...net itself. The motion of the inner core has never before been detected ormeasured. The finding, reported July 18 in the journal Nature ,will likely advance understanding of how the Earth's magneticfield is created and why it reverses periodically; how heat flowsthrough the planet, and how the Earth's mult...Photosystem I -- An Intermediate Step -- May Not Be Necessary For Plants
...hers investigated a key protein in the PSI complex before and after the experiments. Owens was not able to detect the key PSI protein. Does this mean that PSI is not necessary for normal photosynthesis? Owens gives an emphatic "no." This is just a biological alternative that had not been found until the...Bark Beetle Infestation Spurs Multifaceted Study
...le attack which is now killingthem off. However, before salvage logging or controlled burning can take pla...e stumps to try to reconstructthe forest structure before lumbering, the history of fire in the area andthe age of the trees before they were cut." Because ...Nitric Oxide May Hold Key To First Treatment For Deadly Form Of Malaria, Duke Scientists Report
...body by signaling genes, butno one has found proof before this." Both oxygen and NO are vital to life processes, but too much of eithercan damage cells. To keep the amount of oxygen and NO in balance, cellshave built-in systems to eliminate the excess. One way to do that is tohave transcription fa...Salvage Gene Is At The Root Of Many Mutations
...s to knock out the REV1 enzyme, stopping mutations before theyarise....Low-Protein Diet May Reverse Kidney Disease
...esults suggest the dietary therapy should be tried before drug treatment for nephrotic syndrome, a chronic k...months in five participants, who started the study before kidney failure became severe, the results show. Four of the five people have resumed normal or nearl...Ocean Sediments Contain Record of Past Vegetation Fires in Africa
...istorical records, so we can study natural burning before human influence." This in turn will help scientists determine whether human-induced burning has different effects than natural burning, and how burning is related to changes in ecology, and perhaps evolution, on longer time scales. "Another implica...Nitric Oxide Found To Control Cells By Turning On Genes; Suggests New Role In Health And Disease
...body by signaling genes, butno one has found proof before this." Both oxygen and NO are vital to life processes, but too much of eithercan damage cells. To keep the amount of oxygen and NO in balance, cellshave built-in systems to eliminate the excess. One way to do that is tohave transcription fa...