Highlights of the October 2004 Journal of the American Dietetic Association
...r the past two decades are contributing factors to excess weight among kids. To gauge parents' thoughts on school vending machines, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted focus groups, from which five major themes emerged (in order of importance): Student contr...Microbes eat their way to better concrete
...tically engineered microorganisms that can produce excess amounts of organic and inorganic biosealant. "This microbial sealant is a smart material that is environmentally safer and economically more feasible than the currently available synthetic sealing materials," Bang said. "Our innovative approach intro...New fruitfly model of diabetes has future implications for pancreatic cell transplantation
...ifies muscles, fat cells, and the liver to take up excess sugar in the blood and store it as glycogen. Conversely, when the sugar level in blood dips between snacks, glucagon notifies the muscles and liver to break down stored energy like glycogen and fat to release as glucose. However, when this finely tun...European common frog found to use novel mating strategy
...ilization," Vieites said. "Because of a population excess of males, the males found a system to reproduce without the female." He and colleagues in Spain, Germany and The Netherlands report their findings in the Sept. 16 issue of Nature . Vieites also noticed a possible female response to this so-called "c...Zoonotic diseases - European scientists unite to fight diseases
...d by these diseases the cost to the EU, is well in excess of 6bn/yr....Disruption of protein-folding causes neurodegeneration, mental retardation
... gangliosidosis. Until now, the mechanism by which excess GM1 in lysosomes causes GM1 gangliosidosis was unk... proteins are folded into their proper shape. This excess GM1 causes depletion of calcium, whose concentration in the ER is critical for proper protein foldin...Optimizing protein's 'death domain' halts leukemia in laboratory study
...mmed cell death. One hallmark of cancer is that an excess of anti-death or survival proteins overwhelms the system when it is trying shut down the abnormal cell, causing the cell to reproduce, dangerously out of control, when it should be dying. The pro-death part of the apoptosis toolbox includes a number ...Chernobyl study: Risk of thyroid cancer rises with radiation dose
...said. "This provides some evidence that there's an excess of thyroid cancer in children and in people who were children at the time of the accident. However until now nobody had taken the next step to find out just how much a risk there is and whether it rises along with radiation dose." While previous Cher...Study reveals first genetic step necessary for prostate cancer growth
...that loss of a single copy of Rb can initiate this excess cell growth but is not sufficient for cancer to develop," Greenberg said. "Perhaps the most significant finding was that loss of the second copy of Rb an event previously thought to be essential for tumor progression did not appear to accelerate th...JCI table of contents: 1 September, 2004
... Protects Young Lung Acute exposure to an excess of oxygen, called hyperoxia, can cause severe lung damage, but interestingly is more harmful to the adult than to the neonatal lung. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this differential response remain primarily unknown. Phyllis Dennery and colle...Protemix corporation announces discovery of way to repair hearts damaged by diabetes
... developed in New Zealand by Protemix, removes the excess copper from the body. The study in preclinical models and in Phase 2 human clinical trials in subjects with type-2 diabetes, showed that Laszarin TM caused increased urinary output of copper compared with treated controls. The researchers found reve...APS awards more than $140,000 to minority students of physiology
...ental model, Mr. Garcia is studying the effects of excess oxygen on electrical signaling in the central nervous system (CNS). This research will help elucidate the neural mechanism that causes CNS oxygen toxicity. CNS oxygen toxicity is a potential health problem for hyperbaric oxygen therapy patients and...JGI announces community sequencing program portfolio
...Engineers have exploited this capability to remove excess phosphorus--from fertilizers and detergents--from wastewater. Too much phosphorous can over-stimulate microbial growth resulting in eutrophication, where oxygen in the water is depleted and fish and other organisms residing in the habitat die. Alvi...Penn scientists identify novel pathway in aneurysms
...es engulf such foreign objects as cellular debris, excess fats, and dying cells.) When the researchers inactivated the gene in a mouse model of arteriosclerosis, the number and degree of severity of aneurysms in the mice was markedly reduced. "In humans it has been very difficult to characterize the mechani...Newly discovered protein may be key to muscular dystrophy
...ffective that a transporter wasn't needed to clear excess acetylcholine from the synapse. But the scientists...is location, the transporter is available to clear excess acetylcholine. Further studies confirmed that when acetylcholine transporter function is disru...New model can aid in understanding immune system diseases
... all over the bodies of these mice are enlarged by excess B cells. In addition, there is increased producti...ed. The researchers found that mice with LMP1 made excess auto-antibodies. This means that the mice could serve as a model for understanding how to prevent th...Joslin Diabetes Center launches research section on developmental and stem cell biology
...against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, or an excess of free radicals within the cell, is the major und...er laboratory has shown that pathways activated by excess glucose metabolism are responsible for the effects of diabetes on embryo gene expression. Embryonic ...Excess thyroid hormone harmful to fetus
...f Chicago have showed, for the first time, that an excess of thyroid hormone during pregnancy has a direct t... not been able to study the effect on the fetus of excess thyroid hormone, which regulates metabolism, because it was impossible to separate the effects on th...Goals unlikely to protect Gulf of Mexico shrimp industry
...ne life, and in the Gulf of Mexico it is caused by excess nitrogen---largely runoff from mid-west agricultur...hellfish. Hypoxia and other problems caused by excess nitrogen load are not unique to the Gulf of Mexico. Resent NOAA reports indicate that this problem o......quences of proposals to use the ocean to sequester excess atmospheric CO 2 , which is one of the most important greenhouse gases. A report on the meeting's conclusions, now available online*, points out that the ocean is one of the Earth's largest natural reservoirs of carbon and each year absorbs approxima...