Plants will not save us from greenhouse gases
... species) as our use of fossil fuels increases and generates increased carbon dioxide levels....Research suggests new avenue for stopping, preventing colon cancer
...f malignancies including colorectal tumors. COX-2 generates several potent, hormone-like substances called prostaglandins that play a role in a wide variety of physiological functions. One of them, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), has been specifically linked to the development of colon polyps.The current study teste...Resveratrol synthase uncovered: Cyclization specificity of type III polyketide synthases
...e III polyketide synthases, the enzyme family that generates stilbenes, but until now one mystery remained: How are stilbene synthases regulated to conduct the specific cyclization reaction required to produce stilbenes? For example, stilbene synthase (STS) and chalcone synthase (CHS) share 75%90% amino acid s...Peering inside the body, with a new spinliterally
...gs and sinuses. Here, the large magnet used in NMR generates small magnetic fields that broaden the spectral li...ry regions, takes advantage of a quirk in NMR. NMR generates a spectral signature of compounds in a sample based on the frequencies of the sample's atomic nuclei...Small, Smac-like molecule encourages death of cancer cells
...cause once the cell death program gets started, it generates more Smac-like activity as it proceeds." Dr. Wang said, "If this turns out to be true, it's remarkable, because then you would only need a tiny amount to have a dramatic impact." The next step in the research is to test the compound in animals. "If ...Analysis of biological clock may lead to greater understanding of human disease
...ce. The mechanism controlling the biological clock generates a complicated dynamic behavior, oscillating back and forth and making it difficult to study, but also making it a good prototypical dynamic cellular system. The circadian rhythm of the fruit fly is a regulatory system that takes its cues from the sun...UCSD biologists develop 'super-endurance' strain of mice
...e anaerobic process, which does not use oxygen and generates lactic acid as its byproduct. Two years ago, Johnson and his students discovered that "knocking out" the HIF-1 gene in the white blood cells of mice limited the tendency of the cells to rush en masse to areas of infection, a primary cause of inflamma...Engineering endurance: The future of the Olympics?
...example, glucose or fatty acids) are used; it also generates metabolic by-products, like lactic acid, during strenuous exercise. (Runners know the "lactic acid burn" associated with reduced blood pH.) Glycolysis--the primary source of anaerobic energy in animals--uses glucose, stored as glycogen in muscle cell...Innovative 'ceramic-on-metal' hip replacements to undergo clinical trials
...' joint further improves on 'metal-on-metal' as it generates ten times less metal wear. The ceramic head remains smooth and undamaged throughout the lifetime of the joint and this improves the joint lubrication process, reducing friction and wear. The research team use a unique 'Hip Simulator' to carry out the...Enzyme activation appears key in helping internal clock tell night from day
...esses like those in the cell-division cycle, which generates two cells from one, are similar in the brain clock," said Martha U. Gillette, a professor in the department of cell and structural biology in the U. of I. College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign. The research was done in her laboratory....JCI table of contents, 2 August, 2004
...a specific virus within the first 24 hours of life generates a pathology similar to that seen in humans with biliary atresia. The authors found that in infected mice, in contrast to uninfected mice, immune cells that produced interferon-gamma invaded the portal tracts of the bile ducts. They also found that t...Pocket gophers serve as 'ecosystem engineers'
...ows by displacing soil into mounds on the surface, generates major impacts on the physical environment," said Reichman. "These produce a complex mosaic of nutrients and soil conditions that results in vertical mixing (through burrow collapse and moving deep soil to the surface) and horizontal patchiness (in re...HIV reveals evolution of a primate defense against intragenomic infiltrators
...The edited virus fails to replicate. HIV, in turn, generates a protein called Vif that binds to the APOBEC3G enzyme and targets it for degradation, thereby eliminating its antiviral activity. Since the protein-binding regions that govern these interactions have a direct effect on the fitness of both virus and ...Chipmunks descended from ancestors that survived last ice age, scientists say
...tion, mitochondrial DNA is found in organelles and generates energy. It has been used to trace genetic lineage. In this case, researchers focused on a mitochondrial region called the D-loop, a highly variable one that opens a window on geographical time and distribution of organisms. DNA was taken from tissu...Triple-vaccine strategy stimulates strong HIV-specific immune response in monkeys
...s, it may not be possible to create a vaccine that generates antibodies able to neutralize HIV," says Hildegund C.J. Ertl, M.D., professor and immunology program leader at Wistar and senior author on the report published in the July issue of the Journal of Virology. "The next best thing may be to develop a vac...Mice with hyperactive Wnt10b gene eat all they want, but have half the body fat of normal mice
..., found in small mammals and human newborns, which generates heat to keep the animal warm. While the transgenic mice in the U-M study had half as much white fat as normal mice, they had virtually no brown fat at all. This made it impossible for them to maintain their core body temperature, leaving them very vu...ADAM: Good enzyme for Alzheimer disease
...rocessing pathway, alpha-secretase cleavage of APP generates an alternative breakdown product of the protein that cannot generate AB peptide. Here the researchers use a mouse model deficient in or over expressing the gene ADAM10, which codes for alpha-secretase protein. In these studies, they find that moder...JCI table of contents, 17 May 2004
...rocessing pathway, alpha-secretase cleavage of APP generates an alternative breakdown product of the protein that cannot generate AB peptide. Here the researchers use a mouse model deficient in or over expressing the gene ADAM10, which codes for alpha-secretase. In these studies, they find that moderate incr...Staying close to mother helps baby dolphins swim
...that the movement of water around the two dolphins generates two effects, both of which help the younger dolphin stay with its mother. The first is similar to the slipstream effect that is well known to racing cyclists, while the second (the Bernoulli effect, which also causes aircraft to stay aloft) tends to...Biochemist becomes 15th UT Southwestern faculty member serving on National Academy of Sciences
...s activate a self-destruction program. As the body generates new cells, older cells undergo programmed cell suicide. In the case of cancer cells, they are unable to carry out the self-destruct program, so they grow uncontrollably. Dr. Wang has discovered several proteins that play a key role in apoptosis, incl...