Scientists sequence genome of kind of organism central to biosphere's carbon cycle
...h as many as 70 could fit in the width of a human hair Thalassiosira pseudonana is among the smallest diatoms. Like its brethren, it is encased by a frustule, a rigid cell wall delicately marked with pores in patterns distinctive enough for scientists to tell the species apart. Another new finding repo...Researchers create nanotubes that change colors, form 'nanocarpet' and kill bacteria
... thickness (27 nanometers). By comparison, a human hair is about 1,000 times wider. When dried from water and other solvents, and under magnification, these nanostructures look much like a heaping serving of Kraft macaroni or ziti pasta. Incredibly, when coaxed with simple processing, the tubes align into...Two Virginia Tech energy-related inventions win R&D 100 awards
...c sensor systems are about the diameter of a human hair and can reach depths exceeding 10,000 feet. The tiny sensors can be hydraulically deployed through a small tube, which means they can be pumped into place and retrieved without pulling the wellhead and casing. The sensors require no down-hole electro...The search for a kinder, gentler chemotherapy
... tumors and healthy cells alike. Nausea, vomiting, hair loss, anxiety and a reduction in red blood cells are just some of the side effects that can occur with chemotherapy. "If there's a way to specifically target medicine to the site of disease, that makes this potential treatment all the more effective ...Newborns have ear preferences, too
...om the rest of the brain, so long as the inner-ear hair cell system is intact. Sininger and Cone-Wesson found that healthy, non-hearing-impaired infants responded with larger otoacoustic emissions in their right ears when presented with clicks, and with larger otoacoustic emissions in their left ears whe...Single isolated mouse skin cell can generate into variety of epidermal tissues
...ratory and then be used in grafts to produce skin, hair and oil glands. The study, published in the Septe...ese techniques for the treatment of human skin and hair conditions, says the study's lead investigator, Elaine Fuchs, Ph.D., professor and head of the Labor...Genuine stem cells found in skin might treat hair loss, wounds
Master cells nestled within hair follicles of the skin retain the ability to form n...irst direct evidence that cells extracted from the hair follicles of mice exhibit all of the defining features of true stem cells. The skin stem cells offer...Skin stem cells give hairless mice hair
...well as to differentiate into skin and functioning hair follicles when grafted onto mice. The findings mea...ure called the bulge, which is located within each hair follicle, might contain stem cells. Those studies hinted that the stem cells might provide the sourc...Scientists fear new Ebola outbreak may explain sudden gorilla disappearance
...s and feet. Short, thin, grey-black to brown-black hair covers their entire body, except the face. Many bear a distinctive ginger-colored crown. In comparison to mountain gorillas, western lowland gorillas have wider and larger skulls. They are characterized as quiet, and peaceful animals that almost neve...Tiny collars fitted on youngest-ever tiger cubs
...rchers handled and measured them. After collecting hair and blood samples for genetic and disease analysis, Goodrich and his team fitted them with radio collars and returned them to their den. The cubs represent the third generation of radio-collared tigers for the project, which has been monitoring the ...Listen up! Mice may hold key to restoring human hearing loss
... of mouse stem cells "grow" into inner ear sensory hair cells--acoustic receptors that are a critical part...is important because, in humans, inner ear sensory hair cells are a precious commodity. Humans are born with only about sixteen thousand of these sound dete...Ancient life form may help create newest technologies
... than 100 nanometers in size - compared to a human hair that is 20,000 nanometers wide. "Procedures exist to produce germanium nanocomposites, but they are fairly inefficient, difficult to control and expensive," said Gregory Rorrer, an associate professor of chemical engineering at OSU. Rorrer is an exp...Drug prevents chemotherapy-induced hearing loss, study finds
...wide variety of other malignancies. But it injures hair cells of the cochlea, the spiral, inner-ear structure containing thousands of tiny hair cells that vibrate in response to sound waves. "These hair cells are often destroyed," Dickey said. ...Rutgers chemist uses NMR to elucidate protein-DNA interaction
...s in the form of traits such as facial appearance, hair and eye color or behaviors. In the July 16 issue of the journal Science, Rutgers-Newark chemistry professor Babis Kalodimos offers a solution to this puzzle in his paper, "Structure and Flexibility Adaptation in Nonspecific and Specific Prote...When male fish hum, females swim in, thanks to hormones, adaptable hearing
...urs. There are four possibilities, at the sensory hair cells in the ear, in the auditory nerve, in the brain or in all three at the same time." The jump is a big one, but Sisneros said the research eventually might have human applications. For instance, he said, "previous experiments in other laborator...ORNL adds three R&D 100s to DOE lab-leading total
... micromechanical transducer, no wider than a human hair and with a mass of only a few nanograms, allows only explosive molecules to chemically adsorb to a sensor that can identify the molecule. SniffEx is an improvement over other explosive detection products (such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ...New study confirms process leading to disorder causing male characteristics in women
...nt level if both cessation of ovulation and excess hair growth are used in the definition, but they can range over 10 percent in some select populations. Past research emphasized the relative roles of neuroendocrine abnormalities leading to persistent and excessive secretion of luteinizing hormones (LH),...UCLA researchers recreate patterns formed by mammalian cells
...ves, and spot patterns produce the organization of hair follicles, vertebrae and teeth. The type of structure formed depends upon the types and amounts of the proteins and cells involved. To be sure that the proteins were controlling the patterns produced by cells, the researchers added the drug warfari...From lung to gut the Wnt signaling pathway transforms cell fate
...so control cell fate in cells of the epidermis and hair follicle. "These results show that hyperactive Wnt signaling in lung progenitor cells can induce a dramatic shift in lineage commitment and the generation of intestinal cell types," write the authors. Understanding the mechanism by which these progen...When combining new oral anti-cancer agents with standard chemotherapy, timing may be crucial
...lso some healthy growing cells, including cells in hair follicles. Erlotinib, in contrast, works by blocking certain signals that cancer cells need in order to reach the cell-division stage, or mitosis. Gumerlock theorizes that when erlotinib is given simultaneously or just before docetaxel, fewer cancer...