Cystic fibrosis gene linked to fatty acid defects
...ns from mouse studies and show that the same fatty acid abnormality occurs in humans with CF, is related t...nd provides a link between CFTR function and fatty acid metabolism." "CF is a very complicated disease with a variety of factors at play at the cellular lev...Vitamins do little to prevent recurrent stroke
...n therapy lowered levels of homocysteine an amino acid leading the investigators to say, "Findings in ot...the U.S. grain supply began (which increased folic acid in breads and other foods containing grains) and it became mandatory in January 1998. This "profoun...JCI table of contents, February 2, 2004
...deficiency of the enzyme branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase involved in amino acid metabolism, and is characterized by urine that smells like maple syrup. In the February 2 issue of t...Scientists report first sequencing of environmental genome
... in the country, interact with minerals to produce acid mine drainage. "Acid mine drainage is one of the m... development of much more highly refined models of acid mine drainage systems." "If we understand the organisms and how they cause this environmental proble...Microbial biofilm yields community genomes, metabolic clues
...of ironoxidizing microbes that greatly accelerates acid production. Nine other scientists from Berkeley a...ar pink samplea soup of several strains typical of acid mine drainages.They then applied to their selected community a genomicsapproach usually put to an in...'Kissing' RNA and HIV-1: Unraveling the details
... for rapidly detecting and quantifying ribonucleic acid (RNA) interactions. RNA provides the genetic blueprint for retroviruses such as HIV-1. CARB scientists created a model system for tracking changes in an RNA structural element involved in forming HIV-1 viral particles. As new HIV-1 viruses form and m...Death-defying approach devised by Penn scientists to prevent cell apoptosis
...a catalyst in reversing the oxidation of the amino acid methionine, an important building block of proteins." After using gene-transfer technology to insert extra MRSA into cells, the researchers noticed that the enzyme-packed cells were now protected from the damaging effects of ROS. "Not only were ce...Signal chemical primes plants for pest attack
...tack by herbivorous insects by increasing jasmonic acid biosynthesis and volatile organic compounds (VOC),...gs of the National Academy of Science . Jasmonic acid is a plant hormone that turns on plant defenses, including VOCs, which are the chemicals that attrac...JGI launches community sequencing program
...lity of the grape growing and wine industries) and acid mine run-off. Among those organisms currently under investigation are a species of frog (Xenopus tropicalis), the alder tree (Popular trichocarpa), and a type of green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ).The first deadline for proposals is Feb. 20. ...Fat cells fight disease, Purdue University researchers find
...seases is the amount of lipid, also known as fatty acid or tricylglycerol, in the adipocytes, he said. As adipocytes accumulate excess lipid, their normal function is distorted and they produce too much of some biochemicals and not enough of others. These abnormalities can culminate in disease. "For a ...Carnegie Mellon enhances Quantum Dot Corp. technology for long-term, live-animal imaging
... Particles) coated with an amphiphilic polyacrylic acid polymer are stable in vivo. A member of the team, Lauren Ernst, also found that modifying the surface molecules by adding a second polymer coat prolongs the time quantum dots circulate in the body. "Because uncoated quantum dots are too fragile for m...Scientists at Scripps Research describe new strategy for the synthesis of glycoproteins
...olved so that it would insert a glycosylated amino acid into the sequence of the myoglobins as they were b.... Once the protein with the glycosyated amino acid was made and isolated, the Scripps Research team was able to add additional sugars to the same site ...Researchers find an association between alcohol dependence and the GABAA receptor gene GABRG3
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in...tion with alcohol dependence. Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system. Previous resea...Alcohol-dependence gene identified
...hat allows for the movement of Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) between nerve cells. GABA is the major inhibitory chemical in the central nervous system. "There were lines of evidence from other studies -- animal studies, in vitro studies -- that suggested GABA receptors are involved in the behavioral eff...RNA lariat may tie up loose ends to decades-old mystery of retrovirus life cycle
...h is transcribed into single- stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) and then translated into proteins. The genome of a retrovirus, on the other hand,starts as RNA, which must first be converted into double-stranded DNA. Early in this process, the partially built DNA has to shift from one end of the RNA strand t...Araucariaceae of New-Caledonia: endemic species in danger
... substrates (A. lanceolata and A. ovata), two with acid rocks (A. corbassonii and A. montana), and one spe...tana) grows just as well on ultramafic rocks as on acid rocks and another (A. schmidii) mainly on acid rocks. There is just one species (A. columnaris) whic...New understanding of why brain cells die after stroke will lead to development of new treatments
...ted that the major culprit was glutamate, an amino acid normally used by brain cells to communicate by carrying signals from one brain cell to the next. Dying brain cells release glutamate, which attaches to a special channel called the NMDA receptor located on the surface of the neighbouring brain cells...Structure of a Nobel-prize winning molecule: Aquaporin
... can't fit. And the strategic positioning of amino acid residues with hydrophilic or hydrophobic propertie...their affinity for water. While it seems two amino acid chains located in the middle of the channel also provide a water-friendly surface, Stroud et al. say...Chimp vs. human DNA: what's in the 1% difference
...eparture in smell perception, differences in amino acid metabolism also seem to affect chimps' and humans' abilities to digest dietary protein and could date back to the time when early humans began eating more meat, Clark speculates. Anthropologists believe that this occurred around 2 million years ago, ......eparture in smell perception, differences in amino acid metabolism also seem to affect chimps' and humans' abilities to digest dietary protein and could date back to the time when early humans began eating more meat, Clark speculates. Anthropologists believe that this occurred around 2 million years ago, ...