New clinical study uncovers mechanism by which chromium picolinate may enhance insulin sensitivity
... human skeletal muscle may occur by increasing the activation of Akt phosphorylation -- an intracellular insulin...ease of 3.6%. In addition, insulin-stimulated Akt activation was significantly increased at the end of the study compared to those subjects on placebo. No adver...Study provides new insights into emerging theory of gene regulation
...DNA at specific times and locations to trigger the activation of genes." The so-called "histone code" theory of gene regulation, advanced by C. David Allis, Ph.D., at the University of Virginia, and others, suggests that complex, interdependent modifications to the histones are responsible for controlling gene ...Curcumin may be an inexpensive, well-tolerated, and effective therapy for inflammatory bowel disease
... protein associated with programmed cell death and activation of NF- B, a transcription factor involved in the p...the p65 subunit (a polypeptide contributing to the activation of NF- B) have been shown to diminish disease activity in an animal model of colitis. Recent work ha...Protein is shown to aid cell's reading of genetic code
... with a culture of fruit fly cells and studied the activation of a gene that responds to heat shock by rapidly making large amounts of protein that helps the fly adjust to heat stress. The process of gene expression is the same throughout the animal kingdom, so the work applies as much to humans as to fruit fli...JCI Table of Contents, 15 August 2003
...The authors demonstrate that persistent high-level activation of the beta2AR leads to increased expression of ph...ew agonists that avoid negative effects of beta2AR activation while enhancing events that lead to relaxation". TITLE: Antithetic regulation by beta-adrenergic re...Development of hair depends on development of the hair channel
...e extracellular signaling protein required for the activation of GATA-3. Says Fuchs, "Knowing what externally promotes hair channel lineage would round out our knowledge of the hair follicle as a whole."...Monitoring malaria: Genomic activity of the parasite in human blood cells
...It's continuous and clock-like progression of gene activation is reminiscent of much simple life forms such as ...iven the remarkable coupling of the timing of gene activation with gene function as shown here, this understanding could help identify the biological function of ...Respiratory manifestations may be secondary to inflammation in cystic fibrosis patients
... mechanisms leading to neutrophil accumulation and activation in the CF airways are poorly understood. One possibility is that pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory imbalance with excessive concentrations of the neutrophil chemotactic cytokine IL-8 certainly plays an important role in the influx of neutrophils...Swimming can contribute to rebuilding bone strength
...ate the effects of muscle contraction and systemic activation (e.g., growth hormone-insulin like growth factors pathway) on bone strength. Moreover, exercise might benefit bone mechanical properties by changing the composition of the bone (e.g., water content ratio, collagen formation) in addition to the bone m...Fears of second-hand smoke confirmed
...that are able to induce neutrophil recruitment and activation of transcription factors such as activator protein-1 and nuclear factor- B. Apoptosis is a form of cell death that occurs under several physiological and pathological situations, and it represents a common mechanism of cell replacement, tissue remod...Emory researchers discover novel mechanism of how anthrax impairs immunity
...and unable to act normally, thereby preventing the activation of the immune system to attack microbes such as anthrax. "When a person is infected with a microbe, we count on the immune system to begin fighting the foreign substance immediately," Dr. Pulendran commented. "When the dendritic cells are compromise...Link between neuronal calcium channel, mutated gene that causes Huntington's disease identified
...ery leads to the development of drugs to block the activation of a receptor linked to calcium signaling in striatal neurons, thus potentially slowing the progression of Huntington's, Dr. Bezprozvanny said. Currently, transgenic mouse models that express the human mutant form of the Htt are being studied. "We ...Researchers locate tumor-suppressor gene in fruit flies that controls cell production, death
... study. "Sustained growth of cancer cells requires activation of the cell proliferation machinery and suppression of a system called the apoptotic failsafe mechanism. The combination of suppressed cell death and deregulated cell production is likely a key element in cancer." The researchers identified hippo b...An aspirin a day keeps Staphylococcus aureus away
...indings and report that treatment with SAL induced activation of the S. aureus stress response gene sigB, resulting in downregulation of regulons sarA and agr, which control the expression of the genes encoding a-hemolysin and fibronectin. This downregulation resulted in decreased ability of the bacteria to adh...JCI table of contents, July 15, 2003
...indings and report that treatment with SAL induced activation of the S. aureus stress response gene sigB, result...stimulatory molecule (ICOS) participates in T cell activation and differentiation and blockade of this molecule has been shown to prolong graft survival. Research...Obese mice provide clues to a natural system that puts brakes on obesity
... found that Foxa-2 activates Pref-1, and that this activation inhibited the transformation of the laboratory cultured pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes. The researchers also found overexpression of a set of genes that metabolize glucose, suggesting that Foxa-2 also directly activates these genes. When Foxa-...Mutant gene found to cause early ovarian failure in mice
... is, the mechanism that constrains or triggers the activation and maturation of the egg," says DePinho. The find...e has a finite lifespan, however, so the premature activation of follicles resulted in the early death of most eggs in mice that lacked the FOXO3a gene. Castrillo...Protecting vessel loss in the eyes of premature infants
...nal vasculature in mice demonstrates that specific activation of the receptor VEGFR-1 by the growth factor PlGF-...ing commentary. In addition, as it is the specific activation of VEGFR-1, and not VEGFR-2, that protects against oxygen-induced vessel loss, targeting VEGFR-1 wit...JCI table of contents, July 1 2003
...nal vasculature in mice demonstrates that specific activation of the receptor VEGFR-1 by the growth factor PlGF-...ing commentary. In addition, as it is the specific activation of VEGFR-1, and not VEGFR-2, that protects against oxygen-induced vessel loss, targeting VEGFR-1 wit...Organization for Human Brain Mapping annual meeting abstract highlights
...e results showed that while there was little or no activation in visual brain areas during training,significant ...e both rhythm and melody tasks resulted in general activation of the superior temporal gyrus, rhythm processing showed a bias towards the left hemisphere. This fi...