Stress Lowers Sperm Count By Overwhelming Cells That Make Testosterone
...icoid helps cells grow andthrive, but in the large amounts produced during times of stress, it disruptsnormal...uces only enough 11ßHSD-1 to cope with normal amounts ofglucocorticoid. The surfeit of hormone overwhelms the capacity of 11ßHSD-1 toneutralize it, s......d ring product it is necessary to dispose of large amounts of the toxic chemical residues (i.e. it is environmentally unacceptable). Andrew Clark and his fellow researchers have developed an alternative chemical based upon copper to control and initiate the stitching process. The new mediator is very cheap ...Biogenic Emissions Higher Than Expected Over African Savanna
...and territorial purposes. The fires produce large amounts of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These react in the presence of sunlight to produce low-altitude ozone and other smog-like products. Satellite pictures show that the plumes of ozone stretch, at times, as far as South America. While strat...Researchers Improve Treatment Of Industrial Waste
...before treatment, using methods that require large amounts of energy. Waste gases are cooled to 40 degrees Celsius so they can be treated with bacteria; waste water, to 35 degrees Celsius before secondary biological treatment. "Right now there's a strong interest in treating the air and water effl...Human Breast Milk Contains Obesity Hormone
...ody fat of the mother; obese mothers produce large amounts of leptin, thin mothers produce almost no leptin in their breast milk. The study was published in the current issue of the scientific journal Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Leptin is produced by fat cells and the placenta in...Cellular Engineers Design Custom Cell Surfaces Able To Adhere To Synthetic Materials
...charides with ketones and expressed them incopious amounts on their surfaces -- over a million copies on the ...egree of ketone labeling by adjusting the relative amounts of natural (ManNAc)and unnatural (ManLev) precursors fed to the cells. Cell surfaces modifi...Chlamydia Vaccine Developed At UMass
...ally work this way: a patient is treated with tiny amounts of a bacterium or the relevant portion of it. This material is seen as "foreign" by the recipient, prompting the body to generate specific antibodies, which result in immunity to disease. But the hard-to-handle GLXA led these scientists to use a two-...New Company To Turn UNC-CH, Army Inventions Into Improved Vaccines
... The new technique is efficient --delivering large amounts of immunity-provoking substances directly to criticaltissues -- and can be used multiple times in the same patient, Johnston said. The approach grew out of research on the life cycle of the Venezuelanequine encephalitis virus done by Johnston......on in marmots, a cousinof the groundhog. Excessive amounts of this long-chain polyunsatured fatty acidalso ca...h leafyplants, seeds and nuts that contain varying amounts of these fatty acids. Theseasonal drop to colder temperatures in September and October trigger a ser...Infants, Toddlers Should Not Restrict Fat Intake, Experts Say
...ly in human milk. They are not found in sufficient amounts in infant formulas," Hennig says. "The companies that make the formula should mimic human milk as closely as possible. These companies are aware, at least, that this is important, and they are working on this." Watkins agrees with Hennig: "We don't k...Good Ergonomics Is Good Economics
... of the macroergonomics intervention program. This amounts to a net savings of approximately $60,000 per year for the past three years, or $180,000, and is expected to continue (Andrew Imada, personal communication). Imada reports that perhaps the greatest reason for these sustained improvements has been the...... this way. The technique works as follows. Small amounts of sugar (glucose) containing anaturally occurring, non-radioactive chemical deuterium are given to thepatient. As cells replicate, they use glucose to build new DNA. The body doesnot differentiate between DNA molecules that contain deuterium and th...Low Cholesterol? Reduced Sodium? What Do These Terms Really Mean?
...roductto have only physiologically inconsequential amounts of a component. Thiscorresponds to less than 0.5g of fat and sugar, 2mg of cholesterol, and 5mg ofsodium. Subjects consistently estimated levels of these dietary components ashigher than the FDA limits. From the responses to the control labels, it i......fied cereals couldprovide an individual with these amounts of folate and vitamin B-6. However,for most individuals, achieving intakes associated with the lowest heart diseaserisk for women in the JAMA study (400 mcg per day of folate and 3mg/day ofvitamin B-6) would require the use of supplements. Speaki...Trees, Grass Foster Children's Play And Encourage Adults To Supervise
...nd on Saturdays. The sites, differing only in the amounts of vegetation, are about equalin size within the complex of 100 one- to four-story apartment buildings. On average, 16 families share a single courtyard. Of the 5,700 residentsin the complex -- one of the 10 poorest neighborhoods in the nation -- 97...B-Vitamins Lower Homocysteine Levels In The Blood; May Reduce Vessel Damage In Stroke Patients
... strokeand heart attack even when elevated to mild amounts in the bloodstream," headds. The double-blinded placebo-controlled study followed up on thelaboratory findings of several research groups that have investigated theadverse effects of elevated homocysteine on the endothelial cells lining thein...At Life's Most Sensitive Stage, Embryos Cope With Stress
... well, as a first line of defense against eventiny amounts of toxins. For the embryos, there is a tradeoff, however: Thetransporter requires a significant amount of the cell's chemical energy, or ATP,to do its work. Even though it succeeds in fending off toxins, the embryo maypay a price in delayed developme...Plants Thrive With Insect-Induced Immune Responses
...aged plants, since both groups ofplants lost equal amounts of leaf area," said Agrawal. "It is suspected,however, that the saliva from the caterpillar is important in triggering theinduced defense. Furthermore, a much smaller area of plant tissue was actuallydamaged by clipping off the leaf than was by the...Emerging Field Of Industrial Ecology
... Dematerialization, a process in which lesser amounts of materials areused to make products that perform the same functions as their predecessors. The ultimate example is the integrated circuit, Graedel said, in which packingdensity has increased exponentially since 1960. Less energy intensity,......bryos. Furthermore, amphibian species havevarying amounts of an enzyme called photolyase, which is the principal enzymefor repairing UV damage to DNA. Photolyase attacks a major UV photoproduct inDNA -- cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers -- which can cause mutations and cell deathif left unchecked. Kie...