Climate change plus human pressure caused large mammal extinctions in late Pleistocene
...r why any large mammals went extinct, since humans arose in concert with these animals and, by some arguments, they should have been in balance with one another. There, as in South America, the uncertainty comes from lack of data. In these fairly recent large-mammal extinctions, Barnosky sees lessons for t...Award winning researchers reveal potential new role for Glivec
... decision to try imatinib in the treatment of DFSP arose from pioneering research from another team published in 1997[4] . This had shown that a gene called the platelet-derived growth factor receptor B (PDGFB) was re-arranged in DFSP, involving a translocation between chromosomes 17 and 22. "It was intui...DNA barcode finds four new bird species
...f DNA barcode sequences. The consortium arose from two conferences on DNA and taxonomy organized in 2003 with leadership from Rockefeller Professor Emeritus Norton Zinder, Ph.D., the first chair of the Human Genome Project, and Jesse Ausubel, director of the Rockefeller Program for the Human Env...European common frog found to use novel mating strategy
...d model to help us understand how sexual selection arose in vertebrates, such as amphibians, that developed external fertilization," he said. Vieites recently joined the AmphiaWeb project, based at UC Berkeley, to sequence four genes from each of the 524 known species of salamanders and the 168 known speci...Genetic analysis rewrites salamander's evolutionary history
...ley and an expert on salamanders. "We thought they arose in Appalachian mountain streams and then diverged ... seemingly complex feature biologists have assumed arose just once, very early in the history of salamanders. Tongues also are distinctive in plethodontid sa...Complex cells likely arose from combination of bacterial and extreme-microbe genomes
...inding provides strong evidence that complex cells arose from combinations of simpler organisms in a symbiotic effort to survive. Jim Lake and Maria Rivera, at the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), report their finding in the Sept. 9 issue of the journal Nature. Scientists refer to both ba......"The idea for making this inhibitor molecule first arose in previous studies when our collaborator Dr. Yigong Shi solved the crystal structure of Smac interacting with the target protein IAP," said Wang. "We realized that the interactive motif of Smac with that protein is only four amino acids, so it was p...Single isolated mouse skin cell can generate into variety of epidermal tissues
.... But the researchers didn't know if hair and skin arose from one master cell -- a "multipotent" stem cell that can morph into a number of tissue types -- or from two populations of "unipotent" stem cells that are destined to be a single tissue. "There has been increasing evidence that there are cells wit...Battle between bubbles might have started evolution
...simple versions of these cells, or vesicles, first arose and began the process of competition that drove the evolution of life. "Most of the previous thinking about how cells grew and evolved was based on the idea of the initial evolution of structural RNAs or ribozymes -- enzymes that could synthesize me......n 10,000 years ago. "We assume that mlo resistance arose only once, presumably in Ethiopia, some time after the crop had been domesticated by native Ethiopians," says Ralph Panstruga. Today's agriculturally used cultivars of Barley are genetically closely related: there are not more than three basic kinds...Gene duplication allowed pigs to have more babies
...ected suggests that the additional aromatase genes arose as a result of natural selection for pigs with larger litters than their ancestors. These larger litters may well have helped the animals to survive the dramatic cooling of the earth that started during the Oligocene period, around 35 million years a...Songbirds escaped from Australasia, conquered rest of world
...g discovery. "It was thought that the Passerida arose in Eurasia about 40 million years ago," said Barker. "But we found that these birds fall into a group within the Corvida. That means all songbirds trace their origins to Australasia and New Guinea." The Passerida differ from the Corvida because th...Asian bird flu became highly pathogenic through continued circulation and gene swapping
...eral people in East Asia over the past seven years arose through a series of genetic reassortment events with other viruses. This study finding, by scientists from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the People's Republic of China, China's Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong, Thailand, Vietnam an...'Mighty mouse' gene works the same way in people
... opportunity to examine myostatin's role in humans arose when Schuelke examined a newborn baby boy, almost five years ago, and was struck by the visible muscles on the infant's upper legs and upper arms. When ultrasound proved that the muscles were roughly twice as large as other infants', but otherwise no...'Noisy' genes can have big impact
...nthesized from the information contained in DNA -- arose from a paradox. "While processes such as gene expression involved in the development of organisms proceed in a very orderly fashion, paradoxically, they depend on chemical reactions that are inherently probabilistic, like flipping a coin," said O'She...Adaptation, niche conservatism, and convergence
...s of these lineages when summer drought conditions arose in the past few million years? Twelve independent plant lineages of the California chaparral were examined, using comparative methods that combine new phylogenetic information and statistical techniques. Only four of the twelve lineages showed the pa...Scripps scientists look deep inside sharks and their high-performance swimming system
...sharks and tunas from virtually all other fish and arose independently in each, most likely the result of evolutionary selection for fast and continuous locomotion. Shadwick says in this respect lamnids and tunas are more like each other than they are to their closest relatives. The authors believe the stu...Oldest known evidence of cat taming found in Cyprus, researchers report in Science
...to associate with humans as agricultural societies arose in Western Asia during the Early Prepottery Neolithic period (approximately 11,000 to 10,000 years ago). "It seems that cats probably came more and more frequently into villages where grain stocks attracted numerous mice. I think that human beings ra...OneWorld Health plans to form network of volunteer pharmaceutical scientists for global health
.... The concept for the volunteer scientist network arose after Dr. Hale was contacted by hundreds of pharmaceutical scientists globally, who offered to share their ideas, skills, accumulated research or contacts to advance the development of medicines for the benefit of the poorest people in the developing......ts of Asia, and the Middle East. Modern-day humans arose between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago. Now an international multidisciplinary team of scientists led by Svante Paabo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology have analyzed the largest sample of Neandertal and early human remains to d...