Core Spins Faster Than Earth, Scientists Find
...c pressure at the Earth's surface, has alignediron atoms in a distinctive crystalline structure that slows downwaves in some directions and creates a "fast track"for seismic waves in a near north-south direction. More recentstudies also indicate that the "fast-track axis" isnot exactly north-south but is t...Duke's Russian Laser Making Ultraviolet Light And Gamma Rays
...ory, TUNL investigates details about the centersof atoms by bombarding those with various kinds of high speed subatomicparticles. If the OK-4's gamma ray energies could be boosted to about 150 million electronvolts, their higher intensities would "open up a whole new field forTUNL," said Tornow, who has b...Researchers Corral Millions Of Microscopic Membranes
...e borders. These membranes are very thin, about 50 atoms thick. Technically, the structures are called fluid bilayer membranes because they consist of two opposed layers of fatty acid molecules, or lipids. This is the basic structure of all living cell membranes. Further, the researchers determined that th......ssociate professor of genetics. Free radicals are atoms with unpaired electrons that are bad for the human immune system. "But our mutants lacking vitamin C had shriveled leaves. When grown in an ozone-contained environment, those plants, the ones with shriveled leaves, were not able to cope with environ...Molecular Imposter Rebuts Long
...rm because of slight charge differencesbetween the atoms that make up adjacent molecules. Each ofthe four D...aracteristic arrangement of these partiallycharged atoms that exactly complements its partner base. It's theresulting matching of atoms with slight positive ...Purdue Study Aims To Boost MRI Capabilities
...ic fields to interact with the protons in hydrogen atoms in the patient's body. When the patient enters the imager, the small internal magnetism of the protons partially lines up with the powerful static magnetic field that is always present inside the imager. A radio frequency magnetic field is then brie......ethod of creating medically useful linked rings of atoms that do not rely on the toxic, expensive, environm...y occurring biological molecules) contain rings of atoms linked together. If we wish to treat diseases by the discovery of new drugs or design new "smart" m...Johns Hopkins Scientists Designing Compounds To Fight Malaria
...at rupture the bond between the twoadjacent oxygen atoms in the peroxide. The result is an oxygenfree radical -- an atom with an unpaired electron. The freeradical attracts a hydrogen atom, plucking it away from its bondwith a carbon atom and producing an electron-hungry carbon freeradical. Carbon radicals......ate in a solution of silver ions, made up ofsilver atoms with a net positive charge. The ions arrange themselves along theDNA, attracted there by the negatively charged DNA molecule. Then they use achemical called a reducing agent to convert the silver ions into stable,electrically neutral grains of silver...3-D Structure of Human Tumor-Suppressor Protein Produced
...e (NMR) spectroscopy to measure the locationof the atoms within the protein and their distances from one another. Thisinformation was then fed into a computer to determine the molecule’sstructure. NMR spectroscopy uses a powerful magnetic field to make molecular measurements.The method enables the re...Biochemist Solves Riddle Of Collagen Stability
...mselves through electrostatic forces. The fluorine atoms are soaking up electrons, which organizes the collagen chains into a highly stable triple helix. The stability of collagen is measured by its "melting point," or the temperature at which the strands begin to unravel, Raines said. In Prockop's experim...... for function. The thermal motions of the labeled atoms in the heart of the protein, however, ...inal. It was shown here that protein atoms move in potential wells of different shapes and temperature characteristics, depending ...Biochemists Gain Crystal-Clear Insight into 'Ancient' Enzyme
... protein crystal and isdiffracted by the crystal's atoms into a pattern of spots. By analyzingthe pattern, ... help the RNA of the ribonuclease P grab magnesium atoms that it needsto function optimally. Such findings may offer intriguing insights into how the machin...First TableTop Source Of Concentrated X-Rays Built
...d give chemists a close-up view of the dynamics of atoms duringreactions with other atoms, and open a real-time window for biologists ontomicroscopic events at the cellular level. It appears in the May 29 issue of thejournal Science, along with an accompanying news article. By shooting a rapidly pulsing l......effect was only small, exposing just the outermost atoms of thevirus's coat, then the first wounds the enzyme inflicted on the virus should bein these layers. In most cases, this turned out to be true. But to the team's surprise,one protein, called VP4, was also an early victim-even though previous...Dark Honey Has More Illness-Fighting Agents Than Light Honey
...s arthritis, strokes and cancer. Free radicals are atoms or molecules that are usually reactive or unstable. In an article to be published in the Journal of Apicultural Research, the researchers say darker honey has less water and more antioxidants than light-colored honey. The co-authors of the study...'Molecular' Computers? Munich/UD Researchers Report First Glimpse Of Artificial Molecule In Action
...manipulate quantized energies. Pairs of artificial atoms have been coupledto create artificial molecules. A...t prompts an electron moving between twoartificial atoms to interact with high-frequency pulses of electromagneticradiation, in the 2 to 400 gigahertz range,...Clever Chemistry Protects Beetle Babies
... E. borealis is anecklace-like structure of 280 atoms forming one single large ring.With no other defens... even seven atoms.Compounds with rings of 30 or 40 atoms can already be considered very rare. Thediscovery of a whole library of novel compounds with ring s......nts in cosmic rays can be shattered by lightweight atoms without producing additional hazardous recoil prod...hus, composites and other materials using low-mass atoms might provide good shielding. Still, as Adams noted, "We need a tool that lets engineers compare ...Atmospheric Chemistry -- A Mysterious Isotope Effect In A Well-Known AtmosphericPollutant Discovered
...cal reactions as a rule depends on the mass of the atoms ormolecules involved, and consequently it changes slightly for isotopicallysubstituted but otherwise identical molecules. Therefore, in the case of oxygenwhich has three stable isotopes (16O, 17O, 18O), rate variations due to 17O areusually half as b...