Lasers create new possibilities for biological technology
...guide. The intense laser light literally rips the atoms of the gas apart, creating both ions and electrons, according to Murnane. The laser beam then accelerates the electrons to very high energies and slams them back into the ions, creating "soft" x-ray light in the process, she said. Unfortunately, so...Illinois professor wins Nobel Prize
... powerful magnetic field that causes the nuclei of atoms to align. Pulsing radio waves cause them to resonate, sending out radio signals. The signals are collected, interpreted by a computer and assembled into a picture somewhat similar to an X-ray image. MRI scanners allow medical specialists to safely ...UK science research to beat breast cancer
... of the potential for a simpler mechanism based on atoms with high atomic numbers ("Z atoms"). The overall aim is to inform future development of what could be a highly effective type of radiotherapy for use in treating breast and other forms of cancer. Contact : Professor David Hirst, University of Uls...Beyond biology: Simple system yields custom-designed proteins
...of 100 amino acids would require more than all the atoms in universe, he said. The second, the calculation method, yields only one protein at a time. Hecht's method offers a middle ground because it limits the number of possible sequences to those that fit the correct oil-loving/water-loving patterns. Havi...Researchers design and build first artificial protein
...aphy. As the x-rays pass through and bounce off of atoms in the crystal, they leave a diffraction pattern, which can then be analyzed to determine the three-dimensional shape of the protein. "One of the real surprises came when we actually solved the crystal structure and found it to be marvelously close t...New evidence says Earths greatest extinction caused by ancient meteorite
...tz and fullerenes, cage-like molecules, containing atoms of extraterrestrial gases, which again hinted at a meteorite or comet strike. These results, however, were disputed by some researchers. Coming at the problem from another angle, Basu and Poreda separated out the magnetic particles from the samples f...Nanotech instruments allow first direct observations of RNA 'proofreading'
...n of three angstroms - the width of three hydrogen atoms - in our measurements of the progress of this enzyme along DNA. In so doing, we've been able to visualize a backtracking motion of just five bases that accompanies RNAP error-correction or proofreading.'' Both studies were conducted using two-dimens...Max Planck Research awards 2003 presented
...play a decisive role in chemical reactions between atoms and molecules. - Prof. Yuval Gefen from the Depa...re "nanoelectronics". In this microscopic world of atoms new effects arise, e.g., through the repulsion of individual electrons that have to be controlled to...Purdue researchers create templates on retinal tissues
...h of a meter, or roughly the length of 10 hydrogen atoms strung together. Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that is the leading cause of blindness for people 55 and older in the United States, affecting more than 10 million Americans. Retinal pigment epithelial cells deliver nutri......ntists are able to see the movements of individual atoms within the molecule. The challenge facing the Weizmann team was to capture, step-by-step, the complex process -- the whole of which takes place in a tiny fraction of a second -- that an enzyme molecule goes through as it performs its work. Their pi...Parasite's enzyme structure helps address a public health issue
...We learn how the protein is put together and which atoms bond to one another. It's important to learn the structure of a protein to figure out how it works." Researchers in Anderson's lab also work on the same enzyme model for Toxoplasma, cousin to Cryptosporidium. The advantage, Anderson explains, is th...Purdue research suggests 'nanotubes' could make better brain probes
...h of a meter, or roughly the length of 10 hydrogen atoms strung together. The nanotubes were about 100 nanometers wide, or roughly 1,000 times as thin as a human hair. The research is funded by the National Science Foundation. Webster also plans to test the effectiveness of silicon that contains the ...Are fish made of maple leaves?
...r to baking soda, NaH 13 CO 3 has distinct carbon atoms (13C), with one neutron more than is typically found in the most abundant form of carbon (12C). During photosynthesis 13C is taken up by plants, providing a unique signature that can be traced as it moves through the food web. By labelling the carbon...A possible new form of 'supersolid' matter
...rial is a solid in the sense that all its helium-4 atoms are frozen into a rigid crystal lattice, much like the atoms and molecules in a normal solid such as ice. The difference is that "frozen," in this case, doesn't...Scientists at Scripps Research describe new strategy for the synthesis of glycoproteins
...drates (sugars) are attached to nitrogen or oxygen atoms within the protein's amino acids. The modifications on glycoproteins are very much a part of the language of life, and some even call carbohydrates the third alphabet, behind DNA and proteins. Sugars on proteins are like the accents on spoken wor...Carnegie Mellon enhances Quantum Dot Corp. technology for long-term, live-animal imaging
...ticles composed of a few hundred to a few thousand atoms of a semiconductor material (typically cadmium selenide). Quantum dots emit light in a variety of colors, depending on size. Unlike traditional fluorescent markers used in research and medicine, quantum dots are very bright, do not bleach under inten...Rice and M. D. Anderson establish Center for Computational Cancer Research
...cer-causing mutations -- larger than the number of atoms in the universe -- so even identifying them is a daunting task, the scientists say. The center will both facilitate the development of this software and simplify the applications to make them more broadly accessible to cancer researchers. "Our goal, ...'Elves' makes protein crystallography easier
...chnique for determining the regular arrangement of atoms in a crystal. If a protein can be condensed into a...id crystal, high-energy X-rays will glance off the atoms and produce a distinctive pattern of reflections, like light shining through a faceted diamond. This...New antioxidants are 100 times more effective than vitamin E
...is a phenol: It contains a ring made of six carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached. Ingold, among...o substitute a nitrogen atom for one of the carbon atoms in the ring itself. With both substitutions he predicted that the resulting molecules, called pyridi...