Newly Recognized Cell-Surface Receptor Protects Heart Tissue Against Damage
...ofessor ofmedicine at Penn. "Potential drugs would attach in a lock-and-key fashion to theadenosine receptor, triggering molecular events that could reduce the severityof a heart attack." "We have known for decades that adenosine protects the heart when it isoverstressed," says co-author Kenneth A. ...Crystal Structure Of Key HIV Protein Reveals New Treatment Targets
...the surface protein moleculethat the virus uses to attach itself to immune system cells. The new model of ...against thevirus. A structure that gp120 uses to attach itself to CCR5, a co-receptor needed tobind CD4 sites on the host cell. Because this structure is s...Australian Scientists In World-First Cell Discovery
...senger chemicals like hormones and growth factors attach and switch on their special receptor, which in turns commands the cell to perform particular tasks, such as to grow or to process sugar. The team is the first in the world to clarify the structure of half of the IGF receptor, marking a major sc...Fruit-Eating Birds Discovered Crucial To Rainforest Survival
...birds' movements bysatellite. The biologists will attach small radio transmitters on up to 30hornbills, and NASA will track their whereabouts. "Hornbills were thought to live in relatively confined rainforest habitats,"said Ken Whitney, who led the seed dispersal studies as a graduate student atSan Fran...New Evidence Shows How Some Flu Viruses Become Lethal
...teins on the virus' surface that allow thevirus to attach to target cells. Normally, a viral surface protein called hemagglutinin must be chopped into two parts before the virus can infect a cell.The virus uses an enzyme from the cell it is invading to clip the protein. The enzyme that acts as a "sc...Scientists Discover How Influenza Virus Becomes More Deadly
... first be cutinto two subunits that help the virus attach to human cells. Normally,influenza viruses remain confined to the respiratory tract because the proteaseenzymes that cleave HA are common in the lungs and trachea but not in othertissues. Yoshihiro Kawaoka, D.V.M., Ph.D., and Hideo Goto, D.V.M., P...UNC Scientists Succeed In Inserting Gene In Human Cells Via Artificial Chromosome
...s human cells require. The scientists then attach the DNA in circular form to a harmless partof the Epstein-Barr virus because of the virus' ability to replicate andmaintain itself in the nucleus of human cells. The virus serves as a vector, orcarrier, of the human genes, something like attaching a ...... a mate cansometimes damage or kill the cells they attach to. "The brain may beparticularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of free radicals because it isrelatively deficient in antioxidants to begin with," says J. Joseph. "Freeradical destruction is thought to be a contributing factor to the decline ...UNC Researchers Develop New Way To Measure Acid Level Of Body Fluids
...ccording to Cascio, it would be "fairly simple" to attach a pH electrode to thetype of catheter commonly used for studying the electrical activity of theheart. "These could be indwelling -- placed in patients where continuousmeasurements of pH might be an advantage," he says. "The electrode can begenerated ...Jefferson Scientists Use Gene Repair Technique To Change Albino Mice Cells To Black
...mounts of RNA--that has the capability to find and attach itself toa certain part of a gene. The small genetic vehicle is designed to trigger thecell's normal DNA repair system into action as well. The repair mechanism scansthe DNA looking for any mismatches or two strands of DNA that don't seem insync. Whe...New "Bacteria Bashers" Wipe Out Infection
...rgent or soap that dissolves fattystains, peptides attach themselves to a bacterium and dissolve aportion of...fering with their functioning, the peptides simply attach themselves to bacterial membranes. The Weizmann scientists have discovered that peptide attachment ...Quality Control System Ensures Genetic Instructions Are Ready To Go
...riments, they showed thateach tRNA must be able to attach its amino acid before it is exported from thenucle... made the unexpected discovery that aminoacids can attach to tRNA in the nucleus, not just outside it in the cytoplasm.They then showed that amino acid attach...Oil Spill Cleanup Product Made From Sugar Byproduct
... to help form more siteswhere the hydrocarbons can attach to the bagasse," he says. Now that the ammoniated bagasse has been shown to be effective increating an environment for bio-remediation, Breitenbeck is testing inoculantsto improve the effectiveness of the process. "Adding microbes to the mat...Key Asthma And Allergy Molecule Pictured
...the human IG-E gene in culturedinsect cells, which attach fewer sugars to the protein. "We put the gene into many different types of cells to see if we could get awell-behaved form of the protein that would grow a good crystal," Garman said.The sugar content does not affect the biological properties of the ...... into heart tissue. The New York City researchers attach the VEGF protein to a cold virus to speed the protein's entry into heart tissue cells. In Finland, scientists paired the gene therapy with angioplasty. "This is very exciting research but much more research is needed to verify and expand on these pr...Experimental Therapy Makes HIV-Infected Cells Commit Suicide
...usion protein to patients as an aerosol that would attach to the membranes of the lungs and then move into t...n small drugs interact with cellular targets, they attach only to one part of the protein's surface and often latch onto several other proteins nonspecificall...Molecular Doorway Holds Key To Gene Therapy
..."How does the virus initiateinfection, how does it attach to and enter the cell? And after it's in the cell,how does it get to the nucleus, and what regulates gene expression? These arevery basic questions that need to be answered." "We just figured out the first two steps of the journey: opening the door...Bacteria Becoming Increasingly Resistant To Antibiotics, But New Vaccines Are On The Horizon
...ccines against several strains ofpneumococcus and attach a carrier protein. "Infants and young children respond much better to these vaccines because of the carrier protein attached to the polysaccharide," said Dr. Arditi. He saiddetails of the latest stages of clinical trials have started to becomeavail......r a typeof white blood cell, called a monocyte, to attach to and penetrate vessel walls,said Loesche. This ...ke it easier forbacteria and bacterial products to attach to vessel walls and cause damage. Much more research is needed before researchers will know exactly ......ked a mechanismused by certain leukemia viruses to attach themselves to a cell surface and thensneak into th...labs have been searching for receptors thatviruses attach themselves to, with limited success. We have found new methodsand now can reliably clone the gatekee...