New molecular link key to cellular proteins involved in cancer progression, other diseases
... described to be ubiquitinated, or modified by the attachment of the protein ubiquitin, but neither the consequence of H2A ubiquitination nor the molecules responsible were known. Now, 29 years later, work by Zhang and colleagues has provided answers to both questions. "Since Polycomb-group proteins have been p...Anthrax enzyme images reveal secrets of antibiotic resistance, suggest new drug design
...ions allow it to alter its structure, blocking the attachment of sulfa drugs. The image showed that while this slight change in the shape of a small part of the enzyme made DHPS resistant to sulfa drugs, it did not disrupt the enzyme's ability to combine DHPP and pABA. "This subtle change is just enough to let ...Genetic analysis rewrites salamander's evolutionary history
...o-called "ballistic" tongues that have no muscular attachment at the tip and can be hurled out nearly the length of the salamander's body. Wake has shown in previous studies that these tongues are not a good way to classify salamanders, because the various types of tongues have evolved several times in differen...The future of HIV therapeutics is brightening, according to Gladstone Institutes Director
...of the HIV virus. The other two steps involve the attachment of HIV virions to surface CD4 receptors and the final fusion of virions to target cells. These steps are also being targeted with new antiviral drugs. Combinations of inhibitors acting at each of the three steps in the viral entry sequence could soon...Sweet success in targeting sugar molecules to cells in living animals
...that would enable the scientists to detect whether attachment to the cell surface had occurred. The researchers found that the azido sugar made its way into the mouse organs, was chemically processed similarly to the normal sugar, and appeared on the cell surface. They also found that the unnatural sugar caused...Sponge substance works well with yew derivative to thwart cancer cell proliferation
...ganelles like mitochondria, and chromosomes. Their attachment with chromosomes, the DNA genetic material in cells, is critical for cell replication and growth. Microtubules normally exist in a state of dynamic instability, where the polymers grow rapidly--longer or shorter, depending on the need of the cells. ...Key principles for the foundation of a European Research Council (ERC)
...ey principles of the EUROHORCs may be found in the attachment to this press release....Nanoscale contact optimizes adhesion
...e explanation why the characteristic size of hairy attachment systems in biology fall in a narrow range between ...der Waals interaction plays a dominant role in the attachment of geckos. This may appear somewhat surprising because it takes a much greater force to pull a gecko...Kinase backgrounder: Iressa discovery part of major kinase project at Dana-Farber
...ade and tested more than 1,700 sets of primers for attachment to the exons of 94 different tyrosine kinase genes in each tumor sample. For every test run, Paez and his co-workers combine the primers with 94 samples of DNA from one human tumor -- a separate sample for each kinase gene that will be scanned for mu...Oldest-known arm bone found in Pennsylvania
...t over-engineered. There's a massive space for the attachment of substantial muscle going across to the chest." Action of these muscles would have produced a motion similar to a pushup or a benchpress. Which is why the researchers believe that the arm bone served to prop up the body. They argue that "this f...Gladstone study reveals how genetic factor may increase risk for Alzheimer's disease
...ments and Alzheimer's disease lead to the abnormal attachment of phosphate groups on tau that can end up contorting the shape of brain cells. The investigators suspect that the fragmentation of apoE4 is caused by a neuron-specific enzyme, which they are now trying to identify and block with drugs. "From this...UVa researchers describe method of protecting chromosomes during cell division
...fication happens, which is crucial for the correct attachment of chromatids and microtubules during mitosis. The researchers also stained cells by immunofluorescence with antibodies to MCAK, phosphorylated MCAK and Aurora B, suggesting that Aurora B regulates MCAK to destroy incorrectly attached microtubules. ...Reverse-direction movement of a molecular motor
...g fluorescent probe techniques with the engineered attachment of long amplifier elements to study the conformational dynamics of enzymes with high spatial and temporal resolution using near-field microscopy techniques," says Tsiavaliaris, who started working on the project during the final phase of his PhD proj...Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...n wintertime sea ice to be largely associated with attachment to surface particles, with the percentage of attachment increasing as temperatures decreased. "We have identified in this study one possible strategy for co...New insight into control of parental gene expression in eggs
...y methylated domain, CTCF blocks the site from the attachment of methyl groups to the DNA -- chemical modifications that the cell's epigenetic machinery uses to silence genes.Bartolomei and her colleagues focused on the role of CTCF in protecting a gene called H19, whose paternal version is silenced in the deve...Tiny heaters may pave way for easier tissue engineering, medical sensors
...nger said. "Then if you switch off the heater, the attachment ends and the whole cell culture lifts off. So it may be a way of making, for example, a replacement skin graft. You grow it on the surface, prompt it to lift off, and you could transplant it. That could directly follow from this."...Researchers find key gene in production of egg and sperm
...ped together. The gene phs1 appears to prevent the attachment of the protein machinery that causes recombination, because after zipping the process basically stops. "Although we do not know yet how the phs1 gene accomplishes all its functions, it is clear that it possesses the ability to sense homology between...National Institutes of Health grant to Rensselaer to further research on healing bone injuries
... an application of bone cells could strengthen the attachment of hip or knee replacements, for example, and may even be able to repair the painful degradation of bone ends that occurs in severe cases of arthritis. Plopper's research is part of Rensselaer's overall effort to advance biotechnology discoveries fo...Atomic force microscope used to measure how well live bacteria stick
... observe at subatomic levels the efficiency of the attachment of bacteria to silica surfaces. The geological scientists are simulating environments similar to ground water in sandy soils. Sticking efficiency of bacteria has not been previously measured experimentally using the AFM. Graduate student Tracy Cail w......go fishing" for certain proteins in a sample. The attachment of these proteins will introduce further errors into the reading of the CD. Furthermore, since the molecules on the surface of the CD are at known locations relative to the bits of encoded information, the errors tell the researchers what molecules ...