Study by UCSD gives new insight into how anthrax bacteria can evade a host's immune response
...ies of proteins activate one another in turn. This cascade of proteins activating one another ultimately turns on cytokine genes, causing the macrophage to churn out large quantities of cytokines. It turns out that there are two separate, sometimes cooperating, routes in the cell by which series of protein...Salk news: Understanding organ placement
...at in the phase of development, there is a genetic cascade that leads to the proper placement of organs. If that cascade is disrupted, the results can lead to major problems or be fatal," said Salk Professor Juan Carlos I...New evidence suggests that monkey thought extinct still exists
...is part of Africa," McGraw said. "There could be a cascade of disappearances, including all of those animals that are dependent on high-canopy forests. "Since there's very little canopy area left, this list could include forest elephants, leopards, chimpanzees, and so on."...Symposium examines the growing influence of aerosols on climate
...ering water evaporation processes and leading to a cascade of complex effects and indirect consequences, all of which scientists are now studying. Somerville says the lifespan of aerosols is typically weeks rather than decades. That characteristic leads to significant impacts in specific regions, in contras...UNC study may improve gene therapy safety
...'s Gene Therapy Center. "At the molecular level, a cascade of cell signaling events occurs irrespective of the therapeutic gene. This is something we didn't anticipate."The report will appear in the March issue of Molecular Therapy, the American Society of Gene Therapy's journal. The study focused on two v...Johns Hopkins gene hunters pinpoint new cancer gene target
...increase PIK3CA kinase activity, which can start a cascade of cellular events that spark a normal cell to grow uncontrollably and become cancerous. "We envision future cancer therapy as personalized, based on gene mutations in each patient's tumor," says Velculescu. "This kind of information, gleaned from s...Scientist works to interrupt early changes resulting in diabetic vision loss
...ath of these neurons may contribute to the complex cascade of events that disrupts the beautifully organized retina over years; eventually, this back portion of the eye begins to grow new blood vessels, presumably in an attempt to rescue dying cells by providing more blood and oxygen. Unfortunately, the grow...New approach limits damage after heart attack and improves survival, say Scripps Research scientists
...ed of oxygen--a situation called ischemia--a whole cascade of events occurs, including edema (the leaking of blood vessels). Edema causes fluid to accumulate in the heart tissue, which leads to rapid cell death in the local area where the fluid accumulates. It also leads to further loss of heart tissue thr...Fetal lungs provide a signal initiating labor, UT Southwestern researchers find
... the lungs of a developing mouse fetus initiates a cascade of chemical events leading to the mother's initiation of labor, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas have found. The research, which has implications for humans, marks the first time a link between a specific fetal lung protein and...DNA research highlights prostate cancer mechanisms
...ed in prostate cancer cells, possibly leading to a cascade of events that culminate in further DNA damage and cellular dysfunction. Free radicals---highly reactive molecules generated by both normal metabolism and external sources such as chemicals and ionizing radiation---produce more than 30 different typ...Researchers go fishing, pull out antigens
...or can bind, it becomes activated. That sets off a cascade of events that tells the immune system to attack that protein fragment and the organism it comes from. In most cases it is very difficult for scientists to determine what protein-MHC complex a particular T-cell receptor binds, and thus where the immu...Study marks increased trends in infectious disease occurrences in our oceans
...osts -- for example a loss of seagrass beds -- can cascade throughout ecosystems. "Although we are concerned that human impacts to the ocean may favor diseases, our study does not simply give the impression that global warming and pollution are making everything sick," Lafferty said. "Disease responds in com...Inflammation, hypertension are focus of major new MCG research program
...g higher levels of one element of the inflammatory cascade - the increasingly well-known C-reactive protein - with heart attacks. More recently, Dr. Ridker's group found that higher blood levels of the mediator interleukin-6 - which goes up in inflammation and actually stimulates C-reactive protein - correla...Mouse study yields clue to why liver is less prone to rejection, say Pitt researchers
...wall of bacteria. Reacting to LPS sets in motion a cascade of immune events that begins with the rapid maturation of dendritic cells. Because of the liver's position downstream from the intestines, dendritic cells there encounter large amounts of LPS as remnants of bacteria from the gut are carried by blood...Altered protein involved in a novel link to Alzheimer's disease
...al compounds to halt, or even prevent, the complex cascade of events caused by the presence of p25 that lead to neurodegeneration. In addition, Dr. Tsai believes their work may suggest an intervention after stroke to lower or prevent additional risk of Alzheimer's. With Dr. Tsai's discovery of beta amyloid i...RICE gets $1.1m from DOD to study neurofibromatosis
...ell -- be it human or fruit fly -- is subject to a cascade of information from dozens of signaling proteins that act both individually and in concert. Deciphering which triggers are vital to a process, like NF tumor growth, involves trial and error testing. When researchers find a strain of fly with NF-like ...Tracing a killer's path in Lou Gehrig's disease
... common property of these mutants that initiates a cascade of damage," they wrote. In a second paper, Robert H. Brown, Jr., and his colleagues shed light on a specific mechanism by which the mutant SOD1 kills spinal cord neurons once it reaches their mitochondria. Brown and his colleagues discovered that, in...Researchers discover how worms' noses sense oxygen
...inds and activates guanylate cyclase, triggering a cascade of chemical reactions that make the muscle relax, opening up the vessel and lowering blood pressure. NO also activates guanylate cyclase in the brain, where it is involved in learning in memory. "NO is important in maintaining blood vessel homeostasi...Molecular traffic cop directs cellular signals
...vides new insight into how a widely used signaling cascade can be spatially regulated to enhance the specific...llular responses. The Ras/ERK MAP kinase signaling cascade is activated by many extracellular stimuli and is critical to a variety of cellular processes. The ...... suspected was linked to the inhibition of the Wnt cascade (a signaling pathway that posteriorizes neural tissues). They focused on two factors, GSKβ and Tcf3, known to antagonize Wnt signaling in certain contexts, and found that the expression of both factors was dependent on XsalF. Gain- and loss-of...