Breast cancer susceptibility gene
...velopment of cancer. DNA damage repair involves a cascade of phosphorylating enzymes, or kinases, which regulate the action of specific repair proteins. BRCA1 is believed to be one of these repair proteins. In cells that have lost BRCA1 function, there are increased rates of mutation in response to DNA dam...DNA arrays decipher genome's master switches
...nt or a slight change in the tumor could trigger a cascade of changes, all of which are captured in the snapshot. Such information is invaluable to researchers, but when it comes to identifying the one crucial master switch, finding it from DNA arrays can be like finding a needle in the haystack. In this s...Hessian fly genomics research will benefit wheat farmers, others
...ules and the resistance gene molecules initiates a cascade of biochemical events that prevent the fly from being able to feed on the wheat plant. Eventually a fly with slightly different genetics comes along that lacks that particular avirulence gene product in its saliva. This fly is able to overcome the re...Heat kills inoperable liver tumors without initiating onslaught of harmful hormones
...wn as radiofrequency ablation, does not initiate a cascade of harmful hormones that often causes patients who undergo the alternative -- cryotherapy -- to go into shock. Surgeons are scheduled to report the new findings Saturday (2/3) at the annual scientific meeting of the Southeastern Surgical Congress in ......l function in both genders relies on a biochemical cascade as carefully orchestrated as any courtship ritual. At one critical step in that pathway, nitric oxide synthase converts arginine, one of the 20 human amino acids, into citrulline and nitric oxide. The latter product is said to be the principal medi...Study uncovers new contributor to brain damage, suggesting novel drug target
...types of cell death, each triggered by a different cascade of biological events. In apoptosis, cells shrink and die. In necrosis, cells swell and burst. Apoptosis accounts for about half of the cell death that occurs after H-I injury to the developing brain. Researchers have identified several ways to block...Growing neurons use silencing mechanism to avoid disastrous tug-of-war
...eceptor-receptor interaction, but might involve a cascade of events within the cell.” Interlocking mechanisms might complicate efforts to regenerate spinal cord nerves damaged by injury or disease, Tessier-Lavigne said. “It’s known that one of the reasons axons don’t regrow ......"said Lambris. "We figured that if we can stop the cascade at this point, we can halt the reaction regardless of what pathway started it. Lambris and his colleagues focused on one particular complement protein, an enormous molecule called C3. They created billions of protein fragments and searched for ones ...Mice nibbling at the secrets of NF1
...eceptors on the outside of cells and the enzymatic cascade inside that activates genes required for cell proliferation and growth. NF1 is an essential checkpoint of Ras activity. Previous attempts to create a mouse strain that lacks the NF1 gene have been unsuccessful because mutant mice die as embryos. Howe...Scientists unlock molecular mechanism that controls cell growth
...s out that the signal transduction pathway, or the cascade of signals that leads to gene transcription and cell growth, is negatively regulated by a heat-shock protein called Hsp70, which acts as a stress sensor. The protein an ancient protein found in nearly every organism on Earth patrols the cells immed...Scientists at Penn track epileptic seizures
...culminated in clinical seizures. Litt likened this cascade of events to a match striking over and over, lighting and re-lighting a fuse in the affected part of the brain. The fuse goes out and re-ignites more and more frequently, until finally it ignites the energy that leads to clinical seizures.In some of ...Genes and gene delivery for diseases of alcoholism: a symposium at UNC
... gene chips or microarrays by which changes in the cascade of hundreds of genes can be observed simultaneously during a disease process. Gene delivery is another complementary set of technologies by which scientists can change only one gene selectively to determine how other genes are altered 'downstream' of...Abnormalities in stress hormone response among alcoholics
...at (physical stress), the brain sets into action a cascade of signals intended to help respond to the threat. The end product of that cascade is the release of the stress hormone, cortisol, which produces numerous effects throughout the body ......amily of receptors. This binding event initiates a cascade of molecular events culminating in the detection and recognition of an odor by the brain. An independent chemical sensor, the vomeronasal organ, also functions to modulate sexual and aggressive behavior in many animals. The presence of this organ in ......ir work, Reiner and his colleagues scrutinized the cascade of events that follow when uncommitted cells are exposed to a protein factor called interleukin 12 (IL-12). It is well known that, when IL-12 is present, Th1 cells predominate. Common scientific thinking has held that this results because IL-12 'ins...Blood vessels found to signal chain of destruction in bone diseases
...is occurring create signals that set into motion a cascade of events leading to local bone destruction. W...lammation. Vioxx and Celebrex interrupt a similar cascade of events by preventing IL-1 from generating prostaglandins at inflammatory sites. Enbrel suppresse...Using hard science to protect fragile seas
...ve species. ``I am testing this idea of a trophic cascade occurring in the marine reserves of the Tuscan Archipelago, off the western coast of Italy, and possibly influencing the establishment and spread of the invasive `killer` algae Caulerpa,`` Micheli says, adding that she and her colleagues from the Uni...Both smells and pheromones may arouse instinctive behaviors in mammals
...n distance in mammalian biology," Novotny said. "A cascade of biochemical processes can be triggered quite selectively by specific olfactants such as pheromones at incredibly small quantities. Studies of mammalian pheromones can have a significant effect on pest control, promoting endangered species, and, pe...Discovery will change the way researchers look at DNA transcription, scientists say
...und healing , which is at the end of a complicated cascade of events in the body. Transcription is the process of making RNA chains from DNA, and RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for causing and controlling production of the RNA chain, she said. Eries laboratory investigates how the enzyme governing ...... activated by latching onto a target it begins a cascade of signals and counter-signals that work in order to prepare the T cell for action. In this weeks issue of the journal, Science, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine report their findings on the role of one signal, the S...