UC Davis mathematician, neuroscientist win Sloan Fellowships
...light. Burn's laboratory studies how the G-protein cascade is extinguished when the lights go out. G-protein cascades are also found in all kinds of other cells, Burns said. They amplify signals from the cell surface and transmit them to other parts of the cell. G-protein cascades in photoreceptors and other...The building blocks of erection: Nitric oxide...and more nitric oxide
...ustained erection is achieved," Burnett says. This cascade of events, Burnett says, begins when erotic thoughts or physical sensations produce nitric oxide release in nerve endings in the penis. Nitric oxide is a relaxant that allows blood vessels to open up or dilate, bringing increased blood flow and swel...Children from risky families suffer serious long-term health consequences, UCLA scientists report
...l Bulletin. Growing up in risky families creates a cascade of risk, beginning early in life, which puts a child not only at immediate risk, but also at long-term and lifelong risk for a wide variety of physical and mental health ailments. Repetti and her colleagues spent six years analyzing more than 500 psy...Researchers identify gene that controls formation of heart chambers
... the gene named Bop is the primary controller in a cascade of genetic events that include activating another gene, Hand2, that we previously found to be fundamental to the formation of the right ventricle and proper development of the left ventricle, said Dr. Deepak Srivastava, associate professor of pediatr......es are expected to turn over, which will lead to a cascade of further effects," said Peterson, lead author of the Nature paper. "If you remove enough species from an ecosystem, it's like the old child's game of pick-up-sticks -- there are only so many changes you can make before the ecosystem just rearranges...Built-in 'failsafe' device blocks abnormal growth of new blood vessels
...tor like a key in a lock -- initiating a molecular cascade in the cell that resulted in cell death. These results indicate that the angiogenesis-inhibiting activity of TSP1 and PEDF was dependent on the dual induction of Fas and FasL as well as on the resulting apoptosis. It has been known for some t...Researchers project future shrinking biodiversity of Mexican species
...es are expected to turn over, which will lead to a cascade of further effects," said Peterson, lead author of the Nature paper. "If you remove enough species from an ecosystem, it's like the old child's game of pick-up-sticks -- there are only so many changes you can make before the ecosystem just collapses...Scientists close in on trigger of insulin resistance
... don't respond to insulin itself. Instead, a whole cascade of events, set in motion by insulin, eventually causes cells to take in sugar," explains Gerald Hart, Ph.D., professor and director of biological chemistry in the school's Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences. "We now have an explanation of how su...Genomic data viewed on biological pathways with new computer program, GenMAPP
...nt genes and arrows represent the direction of the cascade of genes involved in the biological pathway (see http://www.genmapp.org/intro.html ). For example, the MAPP for the fatty acid degradation pathway includes gene boxes for lipoprotein lipase and glycerol kinase, to name a couple of genes. The arrows ...New research could spearhead permanent nuclear waste storage
...what points the aluminum compounds, or aluminates, cascade from a stable, soluble solution to a solid state. "We have established a clear relationship between the chemical composition of this waste material and the data from the spectrometer," Johnston said. In addition, he said the Raman spectrometer metho...Scientists discover protein identifies damage to DNA
...piece of the molecular alarm systemthat starts the cascade of DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint. The downs...that ATR senses damaged DNA and helps to start the cascade of DNA lesion repair. Scientists call the natural mechanism the DNA damage checkpoint system. The r...The role of phytochromes in bacteria revealed
...der red light they become active and trigger off a cascade of biochemical, in the plant cells to induce processes such as germination, flowering or stem elongation. Although it is well established that phytochromes function like light switches, the chain of biochemical reactions triggered when they are activ...Potential therapy reported for children, adults with end-stage liver disease
... reports success in animal studies in preventing a cascade of brain pathology that appears to both cause and signal the final and fatal stages of acute and chronic liver disease in children and adults. The findings ("Hyperammonemic Encepalopathy") appear in the May issue of Medicine. In the review article, p...Protein complex found to regulate first step in human blood clotting
...bind to platelet surface receptors. This creates a cascade of events inside the first platelets that arrive at the wound, which change shape, sending out sticky arms into the blood flow to recruit other platelets that attach in an organized matrix to stop the bleeding and maintain the vessel. Stroke, which r...Decision making at the cellular level
...duction, was at least thought to be an "automatic" cascade of biochemical events. Now, however, a study reported in a recent issue of Nature by Johns Hopkins and Harvard scientists has found that even before a message makes it through the outer cell membrane to the inner nucleus, the cell is busy activating...Nerve cells' death different from other cells'
...with too much damage to their DNA, PARP triggers a cascade of events that causes the cell to die. PARP-controlled cell death is the major death pathway for neurons, particularly in response to conditions like traumatic brain injury, Parkinson disease, and stroke, says Dawson. In studying nerve cell death f...Structural mechanism of cell enzyme revealed by UT Southwestern researchers
...termine how the pathway maintains its fidelity and cascade establishment from other MAP kinase pathways. "W...cede and follow the MAP kinase p38 in a particular cascade both interact with it in the same location." Some of the ideas suggested from the structure were con...Infrared antenna for nano-size mapping of crystal vibrations
...ibrations occur. The active development of quantum cascade semiconductor lasers for the mid-infrared spectrum could substantially boost this process. The Martinsried researchers long for obtaining such tailored infrared sources to match the phonon resonance of biological minerals....Researchers discover new insight into a common signaling pathway
...gand binding at the cell surface into an enzymatic cascade inside the cell, which ultimately induces changes in gene expression. In this fashion, the TGF- pathway regulates a number of different cellular responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, programmed cell death, and develo...Without blue crabs, southern salt marshes wash away, study finds
...ic cascade." "The discovery of this simple trophic cascade implies that over-harvesting of snail predators, such as blue crabs, may be an important factor contributing to the massive die-off of salt marshes across the southeastern United States," wrote the authors. The results contribute to a growing body of...