Key developmental genes identified, linked to rare syndrome
...en knocked out showed substantial demethylation of chromosome segments called minor satellite repeats. These ar... - the central point at which the two strands of a chromosome are attached to each other - are believed to be important in maintaining a chromosome's structural s...Shedding light on the origin of primate color vision
...psin gene should enable females with an M on one X chromosome and a L on the other to produce three classes of opsin. These females should possess the ability to see in full color. Since the variation is X-linked, trichromatic vision is possible only in females who carry the M variant on one X and the L varia......e." Their target became Xq13.3, a section of the X chromosome that does not code for any proteins, that has a low mutation and recombination rate, and is already well-studied in humans. They sequenced and thoroughly analyzed this bit of DNA from blood taken from the three geographical subspecies of chimpanzees ......responder ( Tcr ) affects the transmission of the chromosome carrying it from males to their progeny whereas no...s associated with the t complex, a large region of chromosome 17 which exists in two different forms in wild mouse populations. Transmission ratio distortion has ...MGH researchers first to identify genetic malfunction in type 1 diabetes
...I processing, is located in the Class II region of chromosome 6, right where people have been searching for diabetes genes." Faustman says the next steps in this investigation include confirming whether the same deficit in Lmp2 protein production occurs in human diabetes patients and searching for ways to rest...Moderate caffeine use does not increase miscarriage risk but high caffeine use doubles risk
...noff noted, however, that the study did not obtain chromosome analyses for the miscarried fetuses. For thisreason, the researchers could not rule out the possibility that some of the miscarriages may have resulted from chromosomalabnormalities. The study also did not have information on morning sickness durin...New transgenic mouse likely to advance Alzheimer's disease research
...ementias linked to mutant forms of the tau gene on chromosome 17, have begun to suggest that tau studies should be given greater prominence. The tau mouse should aid in answering questions about the relative roles of the two main pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease. "Tau has not been as highly regarded...Mutation on Y chromosome stops sperm production
...orDavid Page has found the first mutation on the Y chromosome that prevents sperm production and thuscauses male...k of the male Y chromosome, or to some other large chromosome abnormality, such as thepresence of a second X chromosomes in a male. Normal males have an X and a Y...Study points to chromosome site of autism gene
...ions are reporting evidence for a possible gene on chromosome 13 that causes autism.The group's report will be p...earchers spaced 416 nucleotide markers on selected chromosome regions for each individual. The markers helped identify those regions across individuals containing......n their previous workin producing a general map of chromosome 22, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia resear...mprocessed large numbers of DNA segments from that chromosome in preparation for the sequencing. TheHospital is considered a world leader in caring for children w...Gene found for Papillon-Lefevre syndrome--a disorder affecting skin and gums
...responsible gene was narrowed to a small region of chromosome 11. A detailed analysis of this region found mutations in the gene that codes for an enzyme called cathepsin C. The study, which was supported by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, appears in the December issue of the Jour...Zebrafish's powerful heart gene could lead to transplant therapy
...s identified the human gata5 gene and mapped it to chromosome 20as a first step towards identifying human mutations. The Nkx2.5 gene is the equivalent of a fly gene called "tinman," which wasdiscovered in 1993, by Ralph Bodmer, PhD, in the laboratory of Yuh Nung Jan,PhD, UCSF professor of physiology and biochem...Scientists report first complete DNA sequence of plant chromosomes
...eported the first complete DNA sequence of a plant chromosome in the December 16, 1999, issue of the journal Nature. The results provide new information about chromosome structure, evolution, intracellular signaling and disease resistance in plants. The research conduc...Learning how cell's tiny motor powers its mobility
...t be able to selectively inhibit those involved in chromosome segregation in mitosis,"said Vale. "Since cancer cells are constantly dividing, such inhibitors might have application ascancer chemotherapeutic agents. "Also, there is some indication that certain neurodegenerative diseases might result fromkinesi...Scientists figure out how cells' tiniest motors work
... its track, it pulls forward its cargo - whether a chromosome oran organelle destined for a new site in the cell. The energy that powers kinesin motors comes from breakdown of ATP in the motor's core, similar tothe fueling route in the far-more-studied cellular motor, myosin which enables muscles to move. Both...Chromosome centers defined and sequenced for model plant
... plant genetics. The centromere is the part of the chromosome that ensures each dividing cell inherits the corre... determine the precise areas at the center of each chromosome in which there was absolutely no exchange of DNA during cell division. They found, as expected, t......reproductive fitness. These studiesindicate the Y chromosome has conserved itself to an unexpected degree among certain mammalian speciesand suggest the cat may be an appropriate animal model for human sexual functions such as malefertility....Gene mutation results in missing teeth
...tracked the responsible gene to a narrow region of chromosome 14, the same region that contained PAX9. A detailed analysis of PAX9 revealed an extra nucleotide in the gene, a mutation which would interrupt gene translation and produce a smaller than normal PAX9 protein. "PAX9 became an obvious 'candidate' ge...Pitt team first to illustrate mechanisms of chromosome missegregation in cancer cells
...eally the first paper showing a mechanism by which chromosome segregation can go awry in cancer cell division, l...s one special segment called a centromere, and the chromosome ends remain capped by regions called telomeres that protect the ends from sticking to one another. ......mage. The studies found a 25 per cent reduction in chromosome damage amongst the high-damage group, after supplementing their diet for 12 weeks with folate and B12. Those in the low-damage category had no change. "The message is that it is essential to take care of your DNA, as this should optimise your chan...