'Defensive' action by influenza viruses demonstrated by Hebrew university researcher
...n. This is because researchers had previously only concentrated on examining the binding action of the blocker to the viruses, but not the process taking place in the viruses'channel. Thus, there was only a limited picture of what was actually happening. This new information on the mutating abilities of the infl...Diabodies act as guided missiles targeted to mammary tumor growth
...the paper. "Imaging indicated that the diabody was concentrated in the mammary tumors and in the kidney where it was excreted from the body." Since diabodies are so much smaller than native antibodies, the genetically engineered protein is cleared much quicker from the body, Adams said. However, the affinity tha...NASA satellites detect 'glow' of plankton in black waters
...y large phytoplankton blooms where the algae is so concentrated the water may appear black, some phytoplankton die, sink to the ocean bottom and are eaten by bacteria. The bacteria consume the algae and deplete oxygen from the water that leads to fish kills. Chuanmin Hu and Frank Muller-Karger, oceanographers at ...How an insidious mutation fools DNA replication
... is considered the most mutagenic, which is why we concentrated on understanding it." In the experiments, Hsu worked with the particularly sturdy polymerase enzyme from a thermostable strain of the bacterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus, which thrives in geothermal hot springs. He crystallized this enzyme along w...Meteorites supplied Earth life with phosphorus
...ier experiments that showed that phosphorus became concentrated at metal surfaces that corroded in the early solar system. "This natural mechanism of phosphorus concentration in the presence of a known organic catalyst (such as iron-based metal) made me think that aqueous corrosion of meteoritic minerals could l...New understanding of the machinery of flinching
...the response up or down using drugs. Their studies concentrated on a region of the motor cortex they have dubbed the polysensory zone, which Graziano and other researchers had shown could be induced to trigger flinching by electrical stimulation. However, Graziano and Cooke sought to test the hypothesis that the ...Sweet success in targeting sugar molecules to cells in living animals
... analyses revealed that the azido sugars were most concentrated in the heart, kidney and liver, with much lesser amounts in the brain and thymus. These findings indicate it may be able to apply this tagging technique to study the biology of other organs and to look for changes in organs that occur in diseases as ...Embryonic stem cell therapy shows steady benefits in rebuilding infarcted heart
... of the adult population. Previously thought of as concentrated in rich countries, ischemic heart and related cerebrovascular diseases alone caused an estimated 17 million or 23.2% of deaths globally in 2000, WHO reported. A contributing cause of what some have called a pandemic is that in contrast to many othe...Genes can influence both alcohol consumption and dependence
...le attention in the past because most studies have concentrated on either one or the other." "We have known for some years that there are genetic influences on risk of alcohol dependence, but it has been challenging to separate out the extent of influence of a person's genes from the influence of their childhood ...Infant rats eagerly accept high concentrations of alcohol upon first exposure
...t they are eager to ingest large amounts of highly concentrated alcohol during a short time period, resulting in extremely high concentrations of alcohol in the blood. "There are numerous avenues for very early alcohol exposure, some depending upon culture," said Norman E. Spear, Distinguished Professor of psych...New England forests at greater risk from air pollution
...the New England region, the poorest air quality is concentrated in fewer, larger areas. One swath includes the East Coast from Boston to New York City, extending 50 to 100 miles inland." Another swath, she adds, covers the western half of New York. These results, Will-Wolf explains, suggest that forests in New En...Epilepsy: Signals 'brake' in brain impaired
To date epilepsy research has mainly concentrated on the transmission of the nerve cell signals to what are known as the synapses. However, recent observations by medical researchers from the US, France and the University of Bonn support the idea that in 'falling sickness' the signal processing in t...Scientists pinpoint molecules that generate synapses
... and receiving chemical and electrical signals was concentrated at the synapses where neurons connect with each other," Sanes says. "We wanted to determine how these special sites form." As the early nervous system develops into a dense tangle of neurons, synapses sprout at places where neurons grow close to one ...Study reveals evolution on the (butterfly) wing
...e, hornworm moth and pink bollworm. The biologists concentrated on following the activity of two genes, called Notch and Distal-less. Other scientists had shown Distal-less to be a good candidate as a controller gene for eyespot patterns. However, the researchers' discovery that the Notch gene, which encodes a pr...Articles on forest fire risks published in BioScience
...ity of a forest to fire. Previous assessments have concentrated on grass invasions that can provide fuel, but Brooks and colleagues examine numerous additional ways that invasions can affect fire susceptibility and note that many of them are not widely recognized. Invaders can both increase and decrease flammabil...USC researcher named General Motors Cancer Research Scholar
...netic mutation.) Rice's work at the Keck School is concentrated on so-called epigenetic gene regulation the heritable on and off switches of genes that are associated with chemical modifications to the DNA and proteins in the nucleus that will ultimately make a difference in the understanding and treatment of c...Assisted reproduction can't compensate for waiting too long to start a family
... of childbearing is already close to 30 years. "We concentrated on the proportions of women who conceive within four years because this is the mean delay before women in France turn to the most advanced forms of medical assistance." "In summary," said Prof Leridon, "out of 100 women trying to become pregnant at a...Ecosystem bounces back from hurricanes
...ton said. "The blue crabs migrated en masse, which concentrated them and made them more vulnerable to fishing." Another piece of the puzzle involved the areas where the blue crabs colonize, Eggleston says. Floodwaters from the rivers impeded the movement of post-larval stages of the blue crab from seawater inlets...'Dissecting sleep' by studying the strange phenomenon of cataplexy
...aralysis during sleep. In their studies, they have concentrated on the role of three kinds of neurons in the brain's hypothalamus -- the central controlling region for sleep and wakefulness. In their previous experiments, they found that noradrenalin- and serotonin-triggered neurons reduced their electrical activ...