Researchers find new clues to nerve cell development
... Filopodia sprout from each growth cone and are in constant motion, in search of guidance cues deposited by supporting cells and secreted by target cells, which are often located a great distance from the neuron's cell body. As the filopodia help steer the growth cones to their target cells, axons are formed ...Faster nanowires may advance nanotechnological applications for detecting glucose, hormones or DNA
...ays Chidsey. The electrons in metal wire move at a constant speed as they bump each other across the wire. Cut the length of a metal wire in half and it will take half as long for electrons to pass through it. But organic nanowires don`t conduct electricity that way. The rate of speed increases exponentially...Stratospheric balloon constellations for Earth science
...led the StratoSat platform, circles the Earth at a constant altitude of 35 km [114,800 ft] for 3 to 10 years (see figure 1). A StratoSail Trajectory Control System (TCS) guides the balloon system. Also being developed by Global Aerospace Corporation, the TCS utilizes a wing and rudder to react against wind st...Scientists unlock molecular mechanism that controls cell growth
...ls the cells immediate environment, in its role as constant protector. When biochemical stress builds to an unhealthy level, Hsp70 expression is rapidly activated and accumulates to high levels. The researchers showed that Hsp70 halts cell growth by binding to the protein Bag1. In a healthy environment, Hsp70...Older fathers substantially raise the risk of having children with schizophrenia
... why the incidence of schizophrenia remains fairly constant in all populations over time. They suggest that new mutations are being introduced at a constant rate in the disease genes. In older men, the cells that eventually become sperm have already divided...Disadvantaged children perceive more hostility, damaging their hearts
...n their hearts. These children appear to develop a constant vigilance in order to protect themselves against frequent external threats, often translating into an added strain on their cardiovascular systems, according to the study. The study by Edith Chen, Ph.D., of Washington University in St. Louis and Kare...July media highlights: GEOLOGY and GSA TODAY
...depth across the arc parallels modeled surfaces of constant temperature in the mantle under the arc, but does not parallel the inferred dip of the subducting oceanic slab beneath the arc. The depth of mantle melting at which the lavas were created is ~36 km at the western end of the transect and 66 km at the ...Exercise effects dependent on time of day
...en not exercising, the subjects rested in bed with constant glucose infusion to avoid fluctuation in their blood sugar levels caused by intermittent meals. Blood levels of the "circadian hormones," melatonin, cortisol and thyrotropin, and the levels of growth hormone and glucose were compared to blood levels ...Walking proteins need to rock and roll, new study finds
...l the way down the nerve axon, thus guaranteeing a constant supply of neurotransmitters at the synapse located in the foot. "We don't know all of the implications of our findings," Moerner points out. "In the future, we hope to observe the orientation of kinesin as it takes multiple steps. That's one of the ...Pioneering experiments testing effects of greenhouse gases on crops
...ents suggest a 50 percent loss in crop yield under constant 2050 levels. Greenhouse work has shown increases in yields under elevated carbon dioxide. This experiment, Long said, will provide insight as to what happens in real field conditions.Long, crop scientist Donald R. Ort and plant biologist Evan H. De......n the past, zooplankton loss rates were treated as constant and linear," said Ohman. "People didnt know enough about them so the simplest assumption was made, which was to pick a value that sounded reasonable out of the hat and keep it constant. We found a population-limiting mechanism that you couldnt predic...Genes passed from crops to weeds persist for generations
...y crops can become wild. "The constant gene flow between crops and weeds is a subtle process that no one may notice, but evolution can happen very quickly," Snow said.......e genes that had accumulated mutations at a fairly constant rate relative to one another during their evolution. "Because mutations start occurring at regular intervals in these genes as soon as a new species evolves--like the ticking of a clock--we can use them to trace the evolutionary history of a species...Report: Proteins can be engineered as widely adaptable 'bioelectronic' sensors
...llinga, an implantable glucose sensor would enable constant monitoring of blood glucose in people with diabetes and could also provide a long-term sensor as the basis for an artificial pancreas. In other applications, Hellinga foresees use of the biosensors to monitor pollutants and chemical and bio-warfare ...Finding of key blood sugar controller could yield new diabetes drugs
...licate and crucial balance. The brain depends on a constant supply of glucose no matter whether the person is eating a big meal or fasting. But the healthy range of blood sugar is narrow, and when theres too much, as in diabetes, the person is prone to serious complications. J. Cliff Yoon, MD, MPH, and othe...Genomes on 'chips' boon to cancer research
...y are short-lived. Cancer cells, therefore rely on constant synthesis of messenger RNA to grow in a cancerous way. When flavopiridol is present, no new mRNA can be synthesised and so the message to become a cancer cell is not relayed to the ribosomes. Long-lived mRNA molecules do persist despite the inhibitio...Mountain cloud forests imperiled by lowland deforestation, says Science study
...aving your head in the clouds is a good thing. The constant cloak of protective moisture creates a special environment that harbors a diverse set of plants and animals, including many species unique to the forests. Now, a new study in the 19 October issue of the international journal Science suggests that t...Betting on climate change: Alaskan gambling contest yields treasure trove of scientific data
...sidered quite accurate, as the high stakes lead to constant vigilance at the time of breakup," write Sagarin and Micheli. "The Nenana contest may be especially valuable because it is based on a more consistent definition of ice breakup than many records," they add. The authors point out that river ice breakup...Science Report: Super-crocodile crawls out of the African Cretaceous
... a number of reptile researchers. Bulla size seems constant throughout the Sarcosuchus sample, with no obvious differences that could be attributed to males and females, so it's unlikely to be involved in any type of sexual selection, according to Sereno. Some scientists suggested the bulla was used to impr...'Smart bandage' diagnoses danger before infection takes hold
...d countries where pollution of drinking water is a constant threat, plastic cups or water jugs could be designed to turn a bright red if there are dangerous pollutants present. "We may even see this technology being used as an early warning in the case of biowarfare," he says. The biggest hurdle to the develo...