A new animal study clarifies how different parts of the brain regulate sleep
...tigate their possible functional significance, the cortical EEG of the rat was recorded from frontal and parietal derivations in both hemispheres. Records were obtained for a 24-hour baseline day, six hour sleep deprivation (SD), and a subsequent 18 hour recovery. Results The low-frequency range of the NR...Two Max Planck researchers recieve the Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine 2003
...to the primary visual cortex and a number of other cortical areas to finally reach the inferior temporal cortex. At each site certain neurons respond selectively to different aspects of the visual stimuli. One of the central questions is to understand when and where a stimulus enters consciousness. Nikos Logo...Imaging study provides new information on how the brain processes sounds of different tones
...in that they provide information mainly concerning cortical areas because of inherent limitations in probing s...pared the representation of repetition rate across cortical and subcortical structures of the human auditory pathway using a wide range of rates. Stimuli were t...Study identifies protein in human brain development
...velops and the role of the beta catenin protein to cortical growth," explains senior author Christopher A. Wal...ael Deaconess Medical Center who has been studying cortical development and its role in mental retardation and epilepsy for nearly 10 years. The largest struct...Office of Naval Research awards $8.4M to young investigators
... of single chip model of a system with hundreds of cortical neurons and will lead to important technologies in neuromorphic engineering. Dr. Matthew J. M. Krane, Materials Engineering, Purdue University will investigate segregation defects in nickel superalloys by developing physical models of the transport p......n and passive listening, and establish independent cortical representations of information acquired from these streams....Braille reading strategies may enhance stimulation of the brain responsible for vision
... researchers have hypothesized that the pattern of cortical activations in blind individuals reading Braille would reflect these adaptations. Activations in visual (occipital-temporal), frontal-language, and somatosensory cortex in blind individuals reading Braille have been examined for evidence of differenc...NIH panel outlines strategies for managing tumors of the adrenal glands
...blood pressure. Another type, known as an adrenal cortical cancer, has a high mortality rate. The panel recommends surgically removing both types when technically possible, regardless of size. The panel members concurred with the prevailing view that incidentalomas should be surgically removed if they are g...Monitoring epithelial plasticity, one cell at a time
...acidosis alters the cellular population within the cortical collecting duct (CCD) of the kidney. Over a period of days, acidosis induces one epithelial cell type in the CCD, the so called b-intercalated cells, to adopt the characteristics of another cell type, the a-intercalated cells. Intercalated cells of b......en, is building VLSI computer chips that reproduce cortical wiring and many of the properties of the cells. He has a chip that accurately models the retina and produces output spikes that closely match real retinae. We hope someday that these can be used as retinal implants. Weve asked them to take a comput...Abstinence may make the brain grow stronger
...," she said. "This can include volume deficits in cortical gray matter, which are neural cell bodies, as well as in white matter, which are the fibers that are extensions of the cell bodies and that connect cells. The regions most clearly affected are the frontal lobes. Additional brain structures affecte...Researchers discover precise olfactory map
...ptors are being processed in parallel in different cortical areasa scheme that may allow the same receptor inp...apping beyond the olfactory cortex and into higher cortical areas. "Wed like to know what happens next," she said. "Were going step by step, but were getting cl...A new model of cerebral cortex development
...n the study. "There has been some speculation that cortical patterning depended on completely unique mechanism... protein in the embryo and look for changes in the cortical pattern much later. The researchers increased the amount of the signaling protein in its normal pos...How brain cells remember their birth order
...mazing is the apparent parallels between mammalian cortical development and neural stem cells in flies. Just a...ifferent types of neurons that go to the different cortical different layers. Doe emphasized that researchers still do not know whether flies and mammals use t......is process involves the local rearrangement of the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Tong et al. have applied sophisticated microscopic imaging to follow the intracellular events that mediate this physiologically important response. They show here that GLUT4 is inserted into the myotube plasma membrane at regions...... mice had normal hippocampal function but impaired cortical function. Initially, both sets of mice showed an ability to learn, indicating proper functioning of the hippocampus in acquiring short-term memories. When testing took place several days later, the normal mice easily remembered their training. By con...Color vision out of the corner of the eye
... sensitivity observed psychophysically must have a cortical origin. Figure: Dendritic trees of ganglion cells are usually circular and receive input from all photoreceptors within their domains. However, dendritic trees of peripheral midget cells are often anisotropic; the figure shows an extreme example wi...Sleep in early life may play crucial role in brain development
...lp consolidate the effects of waking experience on cortical plasticity, converting memory into more permanent ...neurotrophins, which are known to be necessary for cortical plasticity, are released during non-REM sleep. "Right now we don't know if these neurotrophins are r...For whales and seals the ocean is not blue
...fied visual information processing and hence freed cortical capacity for other sensory abilities. Indeed, many whales have evolved echolocation, and seals are able to track prey by detecting turbulences with their whiskers. At least for the species that have remained in coastal waters, the blue cone loss cont...Electrophysiological differences of individuals at high risk for alcoholism
...negativity indicates that NMDA is also involved in cortical working memory. Deficits in mismatch negativity generation may be associated with impaired neurotransmission at NMDA glutamate receptors. Conversely, NMDA antagonists have been found to inhibit mismatch negativity, suggesting that glutamate is the ...