Scientists sequence genome of kind of organism central to biosphere's carbon cycle
...hing no one ever suspected," Armbrust says. A urea cycle is a nitrogen waste pathway found in animals and has never before been seen in a photosynthetic eukaryote like a diatom, she says. Nitrogen is crucial for diatom growth and is often in short supply in sea water, depending on ocean conditions. The gen...EMBO Gold Medal 2004 goes to Spanish scientist
...ly connecting telomeres to DNA repair and the cell cycle but also to chromatin epigenetics. Recent discoveries Most recently, the research group produced the first characterization of mammalian telomeric heterochromatin and the activities that regulate it. Other recent groundbreaking contributions to ca...New study indicates arsenic could be suitable as first-line treatment in type of leukaemia
...psed, eight went back into remission after a third cycle of treatment. Six patients in the trial have died. APL accounts for around 10% of acute myeloid leukaemias and affects an estimated 20,000 people worldwide each year. It is a cancer of the white blood cells, characterized by a rapid accumulation of ...UCSF scientist Joe Derisi named MaCarthur Fellow
...ms," he says. "I want to learn more about the life cycle and internal regulatory mechanisms of the parasite...e third and critical stage in the parasite' s life cycle ? when it invades red blood cells and wreaks the havoc that causes the disease's symptoms. ...$2.7 million grant to support creation of virtual zebrafish atlas
...chers the quantity of offspring and the short life cycle needed to efficiently study how genetic malfunctions can lead to disease. As vertebrates, zebrafish provide a closer model for humans than yeast or fruit flies, which are also commonly used for medical research. In the early 1990s, Cheng and his team...Scientists explore genome of methane-breathing microbe
...trophs play an important role in the global energy cycle because they consume methane, a gas that is produced mostly by chemical processes in landfills, in the guts of ruminant livestock such as cows, and by oil and natural gas processing plants. In recent years, environmental scientists have shown increa...A new protein is discovered to play a key role in cancer progression
...se of this signaling disruption of the normal cell cycle has not been fully understood. For the first time, scientists at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have discovered the biologic function of the cytoplasmic form of the Promyelocytic Leukemia protein (PML), and identified it as an essential facto...Genuine stem cells found in skin might treat hair loss, wounds
...ized to regenerate the new follicle with each hair cycle and to generate new epidermis during wound repair, the team explained. Using new avenues to probe the cellular architecture of stem cells within the natural environment, or niche, of the hair follicle, the researchers discovered two distinct populati...Protein involved in childhood disorder linked to cancer
...damage is fixed. This feedback mechanism relies on cycle "checkpoint" controls that delay the cell division cycle so that these repair systems have time to work. "Regulation of these protective processes is coord...University of Pittsburgh receives $10 million grant for head and neck cancer
... alterations in a DNA repair gene, XPD, and a cell cycle regulatory gene, cyclin D1, that previous research at UPCI has determined are significant predictors of head and neck cancer risk, as well as increased risk for lung cancer in smokers. The researchers will examine the interaction of these genes with ...Testing the fitness of biological clocks
...ctly linked to environments with regular day/night cycle and totally disappear in conditions of constant il...internal clock most closely matched the light-dark cycle invariably outgrew the competing strain. In fact, they found that the selective advantage of having ...Enzyme activation appears key in helping internal clock tell night from day
...he 24-hour rhythm in the brain and all cells. The cycle consists of an automatically regulated loop of transcription and translation of special clock genes, whose products act as "gears" of the clockwork. Correct cycling is vital to the oscillation of metabolism and behaviors, which happen during sleep a......ochemical processes with the rhythm of the 24-hour cycle of day and night. These so-called circadian rhy...cles. In spite of this, the animals' rhythms still cycle approximately every 24 hours. "Even if you were to put the lights out on us, we would still [time]...Story tips from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, August 2004
...duplex material can be used instead, the refueling cycle could be extended to a theoretical 10 years. Information gained from tests at the High Temperature Materials Lab is helping determine the extent, rate and exact method of corrosion of the material. The goal is to learn whether the tubes, which consis...... at dusk, some at other time-points throughout the cycle of a single day. By plotting the expression levels of the entire set of time-indicating genes against a 24-hour curve, Ueda and colleagues found that it is possible to determine body time with a high degree of accuracy. To test the robustness of thi...Rutgers-Newark scientist: Mosquitoes may carry lethal parasite
...eir spores a dormant stage in the creatures' life cycle inhabit virtually every surface water source, becoming active microsporidia once they have been ingested by an animal susceptible to infection by that particular species. Until recent research by Cali and her co-authors proved otherwise, the conven...For Africa's valuable mahoganies, it's the soil, stupid
...o deforestation. The early stages of this vicious cycle are evident even in the most remote forests of Africa. Knowing and taking into account the regeneration requirements of these species when writing management plans will vastly improve the prospects for long-term management, Hall added. The authors ...U-M scientists find common virus in human prostate tissue
...problem is that when you interrupt the normal cell cycle to force a cell to divide, sometimes the cell continues to divide abnormally." U-M scientists analyzed 21 samples of prostate tissue from men with adenocarcinoma whose prostates were surgically removed to prevent the spread of cancer. Tissue sa...Commercialization deal boosts hope for new sickle-cell drug
...ncy to sickle," says Dr. Brugnara. "It's a vicious cycle that gets worse and worse." The rigid, sickled cells are unable to pass through small blood capillaries and so cannot deliver oxygen efficiently to tissues. Consequently, patients suffer from acute painful crises and numerous health problems, such ......the NIH, theorized that factors important for cell cycle might be involved in this mechanism as they are im...ice that are defective in the production of a cell cycle molecule called p27kip1 and show that these mice, after experiencing mechanical damage to an artery,...