Increased CO2 levels are mixed blessing for agriculture
... CO2," he said. "They may use it for survival and defense rather than to boost reproduction. Agricultural crops, on the other hand, are protected from pests and diseases, so they have the luxury of using extra CO2 to enhance reproduction." ...Seven E.O. Lawrence Award winners named
...s that have applications to energy, manufacturing, defense and medicine. Brinker is a senior scientist at Sandia Labs, professor of chemistry and chemical and nuclear engineering at the University of New Mexico and co-director of the University's Center for Micro-Engineered Materials. Fraser, a biologist, w...Researchers identify first genomic blueprint of cancer preventive compound found in broccoli
...dings provide a better understanding of the body's defense mechanisms and could lead to the identification of...ordinated regulation of a wide variety of cellular defense proteins by Nrf2 and underscores the potential of Nrf2 activation as a strategy for achieving cancer...New insights into cause of stomach cancer
...g evolved to fine tune, for instance, the cellular defense mechanism to deal with the harsh chemical and bacterial environment inside the gut," he says. "What has been designed as a regenerative mechanism gets out of control in the stomach with one mutation while not being activated in the large bowel as a...Ambitious plan to give sight to the blind
...y literally on the shelf or already being used for defense purposes that we could use to help solve blindness and greatly propel forward the entire field of medicine." Other national lab tasks include: * The lead lab, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, will manage the multilaboratory effort as well as test the v...Hibernators may hold the key for better human organ preservation
...for the body. They have also uncovered some of the defense mechanisms the squirrels have to cope with the stress that occurs during hibernation. Her current research is designed to apply these principles to organ preservation. Background A hibernating animal's intestines display evidence of oxidative stress...Compound from yeast shows promise in protecting against anthrax
...crophages, immune cells that are the first line of defense against bacterial infection. As a result, the cells fight harder against infection. In the case of anthrax, the fortified macrophage cells appear to kill the bacterial spores before they have a chance to germinate and spawn the deadly toxins that can...Sweet success on the way to vaccine for ulcers, stomach cancer, reported in Science
...s report. Thus, the bacteria can co-opt the body's defense system for their own hostile purposes. "The bacteria are exceedingly adaptive," Born said. Interestingly, the two adhesins discovered thus far belong to a group of proteins that seem to be unique to H. pylori . "The bacteria's ancestor seems to hav...Immune system component found common to both humans and worms
...reign pathogens and is thus critical to the host's defense against infection," says co-lead author Dennis Kim, MD, PhD, of the MGH Department of Molecular Biology. "But derangement of the innate immune system is implicated in the pathogenesis of overwhelming infections, as well as in chronic inflammatory di...Does that 'java-jolt' affect coffee and non-coffee drinkers alike?
...logists, affiliated with the Canadian research and defense establishment, recently set out to clarify several issues: whether the ergogenic effect achieved following the ingestion of 5 mg.kg-1 is related to the circulating concentration of caffeine; the duration of the ergogenic effect following the ingest...Clemson researchers create biosensors to protect nation's food and water supplies
...nal can be rapidly detected and be a first line of defense in identifying food or water that has been contaminated. "The nanoparticle can move into crevices in the food source, where a pathogen could be hidden from microscopic view," Dawson said. "The particle's extremely small size increases the odds that ...Researchers identify protein linked to tumor invasion
...to provide the body's immune system with a line of defense against infection has unexpectedly been discovered in cancer cells that were removed from aggressive carcinomas of the breast and colon. This discovery, reported in the June 24 on-line issue of Nature Cell Biology, could provide scientists with a pro...Studying the strength of protein bonds one molecule at a time
...ingle molecule level." Clotting is the bodys first defense against damage to blood vessels. When damaged, the cells that make up blood vessels release chemicals that activate passing platelets, causing them to adhere to the surface and aggregate. When activated, platelets change shape and expose integrin mol...UCR scientists discover a novel adaptive antiviral defense mechanism in animals
... about "RNA silencing," a novel adaptive antiviral defense in the animal kingdom. Shou-Wei Ding, assistant professor of plant pathology, discovered that when animal cells are attacked by a virus, the cells use RNA silencing to protect themselves from the virus. The discovery could lead to new gene therapie...As bodies age, disease-fighting cells lose punch
... current one. Nave B cells can mount a more potent defense because they custom-tailor their antibodies to the current pathogen, allowing the antibodies to bind it strongly. As occurs in many parts of the aging mind and body, the immune system becomes less responsive to new challenges, said Cambier. Most immu...Researchers unravel anthrax genomes
...entifying different pathogens, a critical need for defense against bioterrorism....A new weapon to disable bacteria discovered
...a infections, and secondly, they are equipped with defense mechanisms that kill bacteria when confined to a vacuolar prison. In collaboration with Jerry Weiss, now at Iowa University, the investigators found that surprisingly, neutrophils, unlike any other type of cells, can enclose Shigella within the vacuo...Scientists discuss microbial pathogenesis in era of bioterrorism, drug resistance
...us with unprecedented details about our own immune defense cells as they orchestrate a response to attacking bacterial pathogens that are responsible for some of the major diseases of mankind, says Dr. Young. This information should lead to new therapeutic strategies against these diseases. Answering basic ...Nature's own antidote to cocaine
Some people's brains may harbor their own built-in defense system against the addictive powers of cocaine. According to new research at The Rockefeller University, a naturally occurring brain opiate called dynorphin may, in certain individuals, serve as an antidote to counter the pleasurable, yet dangerous, ......ontained only compounds that triggered the plant's defense mechanisms," says Dr. Gary W. Felton, head and pro...of entomology at Penn State. "Rather than inducing defense mechanisms as we supposed, the saliva inhibits production of the harmful chemicals and actually weak...