Ancient mediterranean port city may have been holy land way station
...oth before and after voyages," he said. The first defensive wall protecting Aperlae appears to have been built...ry, when relative calm returned to the region, the defensive sea walls apparently were pushed into the bay by residents to extend Aperlae's shoreline, said Hohlf...Biologists find Peruvian plants inhibit growth of TB bacterium
...r genetic ability to produce a wide range of these defensive compounds. Lewis believes he found such a high anti-TB reactivity across the broad range of plants because the plants have shared sensitivities that "allow secondary metabolites to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis at these unexpectedly high fre...The enemy of my enemy is my friend
...equester plant defenses and use them for their own defensive purposes; and 3) many direct defenses slow herbivore growth or digestive efficiency, causing insects to eat more plant material rather than less to complete their life cycles. However herbivores are also exposed to...Science study explores social memory in elephants
...foes, their families may spend too much time being defensive and not enough time reproducing. The results of a seven-year study are reported in the 20 April 2001 issue of Science. The UK and Kenya-based researchers also showed conclusively that the breeding success of elephant families is linked to the age of...Neuroscientist studies brains of bizarre-looking mammals
...ole and the naked rat mole. I used to be a little defensive about studying such bizarre animals, the assistant professor of biological sciences acknowledges. But then I realized that what makes these animals so strange is their extreme specialization and, for that very reason, there is a great deal that we ca...Lobsters play biological violins
...ms bear witness to the antennae's effectiveness as defensive tools. During the molting period, however, the spiny lobsters' antennae and shell are too soft to protect them against predators. Instead, the lobsters must rely on scare tactics sound to drive predators like sharks, grouper, and triggerfish ...Researchers find first gene that increases risk of Crohn's disease
...ene is predominantly found in monocytes, primitive defensive cells that can detect and engulf invaders. Nod2 encodes a protein that helps the innate immune system recognize and respond to the presence of lipopolysaccharides , a component of the outer membrane of certain types of bacteria. Cho, Nuez, and c...Biotechnology promises major advances for U.S. Army
... in the report stress the importance of developing defensive technologies aimed at improving the survivability and effectiveness of U.S. soldiers. The report specifically does not address the use of biotechnology for offensive applications. To illustrate the dramatic significance of emerging technologies, the ...Plant/pathogen evolutionary dynamic defies simple arms race model
...he organism to mount its defense. In plants, these defensive molecules, produced by R-genes, are highly varied and are able to recognize a wide array of invading pathogens based on determinants called Avr factors. The highly specific nature of this interaction suggested that R-genes and Avr-genes would undergo...Dentists abuzz over cavity-prevention potential of honeybee product
...ry bees because his black socks triggered the bees defensive behavior. Brushing the pain aside, Koo persisted, focusing on the cavity-fighting potential of propolis as he earned his masters degree in food science and his doctorate in oral biology in Brazil. Then he came to the Center for Oral Biology at the U...Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute discover a previously unknown role for antibodies
...ecognized killing mechanism that would enhance the defensive role of antibodies by allowing them to subject pathogens to hydrogen peroxide and participate directly in their killing. Lerner and Wentworth comment, "This heretofore unknown and intrinsic capacity of antibodies opens up exciting possibilities for n...USDA establishes Honeybee Genetics and IPM Center
...ents," says Calderone. He notes that the extremely defensive Africanized honeybee could be even more devastating. This honeybee is well established in the southwestern United States and is spreading northward into the Central Valley area of California and into the southeastern United States, says Calderone. ...Insect bites on plants reduce photosynthesis, imaging device shows
...ld increase in the synthesis of furanocoumarins, a defensive chemical, suggesting that a plant may purposely turn down its photosynthetic machinery to boost its defensive capacity. We dont know how our results will hold up in a real ecosystem, as weve only tested this in...New dinosaur related to Triceratops
...ttle evidence that ceratopsians' horns evolved for defensive purposes, according to Dr. Makovicky. "Liaoceratops appears unable to protect itself against most predators, which would have included carnivorous dinosaurs and crocodiles. Instead, it probably relied on concealment or flight to defend itself." Liaoc...Caterpillar saliva beats plant defenses
...n caterpillar saliva that suppressed expression of defensive mechanisms in leaves. These defensive mechanisms include production of nicotine -- a neural toxin, and digestive protease inhibitors -- wh...Jonathon Knight receives ASM Communications Award
...be. In response, insects have evolved a variety of defensive tactics to try to keep a better balance of the sexes. Knight holds a PhD in molecular biology from the University of California, Berkeley and a Certificate in Science Communication from the University of California, Santa Cruz. The ASM Public Communi...Surprising role for Staphs toxic shock toxin
...infected individual, provoking an elaborate set of defensive reactions by the body. At the same time, there is a subset of Staph infections caused by a single toxin - such as toxic shock syndrome - that are not associated with typical local inflammation, which usually leads to painful abscesses filled wi......ed "hard rind" (Hr) coding for this suite of plant defensive characters in Cucurbita. They demonstrated that t...nists. Identification of a single suite of plant defensive characteristics determined by a single genetic locus will help archaeologists to determine whether p...Hibernators may hold the key for better human organ preservation
... the stress, and does so through the production of defensive molecules. These molecules appear to help protect the hibernator from any damage that could occur. Carey says that it is likely that the intestinal cells are responding to stress and may be generating specific proteins in an attempt to minimize damag...Code-breaking insects steal plants' defensive signals, enabling counterattack
...iled how corn earworms (Helicoverpa zea) intercept defensive chemical signaling used by their hosts and then produce detoxifying agents to partially counter the threat against them. "It's a cloak-and-dagger world out there in the fields," said co-author May Berenbaum, the head of the entomology department at I...