Articles on life in tropical island streams published in BioScience
.... An article by Brasher discusses impacts of human disturbances on life in Hawaiian streams, and an article by William F. Font considers the effects of the global spread of parasites on Hawaiian Stream fishes. In the fourth article in the section, James G. March and colleagues review the far-reaching ecological e...Can heart failure impair thinking?
...d by distinctive symptoms and signs resulting from disturbances in cardiac output or from increased venous pressure. According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, up to three million Americans have heart failure, with 400,000 new cases being diagnosed each year. It is a condition that is slightly mor...Hormonal changes in satisfied and dissatisfied shift workers across a shift cycle
...Several laboratory studies confirm that such sleep disturbances alter the regulation of several hormones including cortisol, prolactin and growth hormone in both shift/night workers as well as other populations. Workplace studies have shown that working nights and being on-call are not only related to increase...Collapse of seals, sea lions & sea otters in North Pacific triggered by overfishing of great whales
...be enough if we've unwittingly set in motion other disturbances that eventually impact different animals in differ...t first demonstrated pervasive impacts of historic disturbances on ocean ecosystems. "This is the most dramatic example to date," says Jackson. "It's so counterintu...Can female adult obesity be stopped at birth?
...energy balance. A previous study demonstrated that disturbances in the fetal metabolic environment of diabetic rat...either as an associated change or an end result of disturbances in circulating insulin and/or leptin concentrations, contribute toward the predetermination of adult...New discoveries about old-growth forests
...high. Today's old-growth forests developed from disturbances and under the climate conditions of the last millennium. The particular composition and structure of these old-growth forests may not occur again under modern climate and disturbance regimes. "If we've learned anything in the last 30 years," Spies s...Science Picksleads, feeds and story seeds (July 2003)
...Spurr volcano in Alaska. The eruption caused major disturbances to air traffic and an eerie, premature twilight over a large portion of the State. Since then, volcano monitoring has improved substantially, helping save lives, health and property. By the summer of 1992, when three closely spaced similar eruptions...Organization for Human Brain Mapping annual meeting abstract highlights
...ial withdrawal and shynessare often accompanied by disturbances in social communication and interactions. This study suggests that these deficits may be related to differences in central brain mechanisms responsible for the processing of social and emotional stimuli, such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. ...At last: Just three cell types detect light in the eye
...e can develop circadian rhythm, or internal clock, disturbances after loss of the eyes, such as in an accident. The U.S. authors were funded by the U.S. National Eye Institute and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The Canadian researcher was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the U.K. ...Brain cells seen recycling rapidly to speed communications
...enia and other mental illnesses thought to involve disturbances in neuronal communication. Neurons must recycle a finite number of vesicles. In "classical" membrane fusion, the vesicle totally collapses and mixes with the cell membrane, requiring a complex and time-consuming retrieval and recycling process. Yet,...Heart drug might help fight chronic fungal infections
...dministration to treat life-threatening and severe disturbances in the heart's natural rhythm, known as arrhythmias. At higher doses or given for a long time, amiodarone's side effects can include damage to the lungs and thyroid. Rao stresses that amiodarone has not been tested in animals or in people to see if i...Monogamous animals may be more likely to die out
...ue to overhunting, habitat fragmentation and other disturbances caused by people. Knowing which species are particularly sensitive to these disturbances would help conservationists figure out how to save them. Since 1970, more than half of the mammal po...Chronic alcohol abuse damages regulating hormones
...sociated with long-term abstinence. In fact, many disturbances are believed - but never proven - to return to normal within a few weeks." "Both chronic alcohol consumption and alcohol withdrawal can affect cell and homeostatic functions on a variety of levels," said Claudia Spies, medical associate director of...A derivative of the green tea leaf may help with Metabolic Syndrome X, a potentially deadly disorder
...f disordered lipid metabolism with other metabolic disturbances may be the unique feature of Metabolic Syndrome X. This study clearly shows that Tegreen intervention can significantly decrease visceral fat depot and increase the insulin's sensitivity, presumably touching one of the pathological root causes of th...Gene responsible for developmental disorder identified
...al retardation, cranio-facial abnormalities, sleep disturbances and self-injurious behaviors. Because the disease is manifested in so many ways and is associated with a chromosomal deletion that includes many genes, it was always assumed that more than one gene contributed to the disorder, said researcher Sarah ...Fire frequency determines forest carbon storage
...pond to, and recover from, both climate change and disturbances such as wildfires. NASA funded part of this study under its Earth Science Enterprise (ESE), whose mission is to understand and protect our home planet. Earth Science in NASA seeks to understand trends in land cover and land use, such as forest fires...Mutation causes specific arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death
...ree of heart rate variability and other heart rate disturbances that could not be linked to electrolyte or structural defects of the hearts. They also found similar loss of function in ion channels other than calcium. "Sudden death in humans with this mutation usually occurred after physical exertion or extreme e...Common pediatric anesthesia drugs cause brain damage and learning and memory problems in infant rats
...use brain damage and long-term learning and memory disturbances in infant rats. The researchers report their findi...ysiological experiments, we also found evidence of disturbances in the neural circuits of the hippocampus, the brain region which, through those circuits, plays an ...The jaws stiffness found to dictate speech production
... that were obtained by applying precise mechanical disturbances to the jaw at positions associated with the production of vowels. The level of jaw stiffness was found to be variable, with higher stiffness observed along the axis of jaw protrusion and retraction. Patterns of kinematic variability were assessed for...Researchers discover gene that controls ability to learn fear
...ntiation. "It is interesting that we saw no other disturbances in these mice," he said. "They showed no increased pain sensitivity; nor did they exhibit increased instinctive fear in other behavioral studies. So, their defect seemed to be quite specific for the learned aspect of fear," he said. Tests of instinct...