Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology: July 2001
...ults discussed [in this study] represent the first documented effects of large-scale interventions to reduce the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. They demonstrate that the exposure of humans to bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs and to resistance genes through food can be reduced effectively by i...Using hard science to protect fragile seas
... or overfished, according to the NRC. Micheli has documented the dramatic consequence of overfishing and pollution on four continents. In addition to determining the cause of an environmental problem, her research often includes practical solutions that lead scientific, commercial and political interests towar...Untangling the matrix of risk factors for alcoholism
... Some psychiatric genetic studies had previously documented a relationship between the SS variant of 5-HTTLPR and alcohol dependence, depression, anxiety, and the personality trait neuroticism (which is also a marker of NA). Some studies of alcoholics, however, have found a relationship between the LL varia...August media highlights GEOLOGY and GSA TODAY
...le patterns of planetary wetness. The authors have documented pronounced temporal variations in manganese and barium that can be correlated over large regions and that appear to be related to variations in paleo-wetness. They suspect, but cannot prove, that higher manganese content is related to wetter climates...Scientists examine the seas our ancestors fished to better understand today's changing oceans
...riting in the journal Science, the scientists have documented long-term effects of fishing and provided a framework for repairing coastal marine ecosystems that have collapsed from centuries of overfishing. The information comes none too soon for those who study and manage marine resources. Successful managemen...Warmer periods in Alaskan area not confined to modern times
...iods, they found. The initial warm period matches documented conditions in Northern Europe and wet weather in the American Southwest. The second warm period corresponds to a period known as the Medieval Climatic Anomaly. A period of cold, reaching a peak in about A.D. 600, possibly contributed to the demise o...New study shows oral contraceptive may be effective in treating severe form of premenstrual syndrome
...of menstruation. Definitive cases include symptoms documented daily for at least two consecutive menstrual cycles. While oral contraceptives are among the most widely prescribed products available, they are largely understudied for the treatment of PMS and PMDD, said Dr. Andrea J. Rapkin, an author of the study...Conservation biologist Michael Lannoo to win Field Museums Parker/Gentry Award
...ion of U.S. Amphibians. He and his colleagues have documented how several factors contribute to the declining number of individual amphibians and amphibian species. These factors include habitat destruction and alteration, ultraviolet-B radiation, pesticides, acidification, global warming, diseases, and introdu...Fight between GMOS and the bugs they repel may not be over
...become complacent because so far there has been no documented evidence that insects have developed resistance to crops engineered to repel them. Instead, in a presentation at the 222nd National Conference of the American Chemical Society (ACS) on Wednesday, Aug. 29, he said precautions should be taken to explor...Breast cancer is multi-step, multi-cell type process
...h specific cells are involved-has not been clearly documented until now. Writing in the September 1 issue of Human Molecular Genetics, a research team, led by Dr. Charis Eng, director of the Clinical Cancer Genetics Program at Ohio State, says it has uncovered evidence suggesting that genetic changes leading t...A small genetic change makes flu virus deadly
...us subtype H5N1 in Hong Kong in 1997 was the first documented case of an influenza virus jumping directly from chickens to people. Public health authorities responded by ordering the slaughter of more than 1 million live poultry to prevent further spread of the virus to humans. Dr. Kawaoka and colleagues obtai...Study using human fetal tissue transplants suggests potential for spinal cord repair
...ical conditions." "Spinal cord injuries have been documented over the last 5,000 years, yet over that period of time, very little progress has been made in treating them. Transplantation offers us hope for the treatment of spinal cord injury that we had never had before," Dr. Fessler noted. Donor tissue for t...Fly genetics point to potential cancer-causing gene
...ort and a researcher at the MGH Cancer Center. As documented in this study, Haber has indeed found that the ago gene is mutated in several human cancer cell lines. "Now we?re looking at primary tumors from patients to see if any of them have a mutated ago gene. If they do, we?d like to know if that gives an...Researchers find glass-eating microbes at the rock bottom of the food chain
...lling as deep as four miles below sea level. "Weve documented how extensive these microscopic organisms are eating into volcanic rock, leaving worm-like tracks that look like someone has drilled their way in," said one of the papers co-authors, Hubert Staudigel of Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the Univ......fish is at its maximum. Combined with the recent documented decline of fish eggs and larvae over the last several years, the presence of this predator at critical spawning times could have far-reaching effects on the local commercial fishing industry. In addition, ctenophores may also be altering patterns of ...Women with rare lung disease found to also have high prevalence of meningiomas
...ed. LAMs connection to tuberous sclerosis has been documented and there is evidence that both diseases can have a common genetic basis. To increase understanding about the clinical course of LAM, including its connection to tuberous sclerosis, Moss and colleagues at NHLBI are conducting research as part of an ...Blame North America megafauna extinction on climate change, not human ancestors
...se of human hunting. "No one has ever securely documented the prehistoric extinction of any vertebrate as a result human predation, though it may certainly have happened. In virtually all cases, when people colonize an area many other changes follow - fire, erosion and the introduction of a wide range of p...Researchers describe atomic-size 'sorter' that performs vital cellular function
...u. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has documented about 40 commercially available drugs that cause long QT in a small number of people. Even the highly sought antibiotic, Cipro, has demonstrated some long QT effects. "Its hard to tolerate even one in a thousand instances of a drug-induced, potentia...Newly found estrogen role in males might lead to contraceptive for men
...d morphological functions. Hess and colleagues had documented in 1997 that estrogen was vital for fluid reabsorption during the transfer of sperm in fluid from the testis through the efferent ductules to the epididymis, where sperm matures and is stored. The PNAS paper provides a molecular picture of what estr...Seat of cellular bus system for protein passengers found by Dartmouth Medical School researchers
...e same place as the protein whose function Barlowe documented in yeast, reinforcing the possibility that a similar receptor mechanism is required for some proteins in humans as well. The yeast cells in the Dartmouth experiments survive, even when their vesicles do not carry the passengers. But in some cells, t...