Duke Geologists Explore Alternative Way To Measure Ice Age Sea Bottom Temperatures
...trying to understand is how deep ocean circulation drives climate change," said Duke geology professor Paul Baker, another author of the Science paper and a supervising geochemist. "The temperature of the deep water through time is very poorly understood because there hasn't been any unambiguous paleothermo...Core Spins Faster Than Earth, Scientists Find
...arth andthe flow of planetary heat that ultimately drives the motionsof tectonic plates at Earth's surface t...he planet's powerful magnetic field, which in turn drives theinner core in the way that can now be observed. Abouta billion amps of current is flowing into an...New understanding of crab populations may not bring fishermen's delight
...s without apparentcause. Trying to figure out what drives the big swings is a question thathas taunted researchers for years. In fact, one of the most important andfiercest debates in population biology swirls around whether populationsgo through boom and bust cycles primarily because of internal ways of re...First Salmonella Vaccine For Poultry To Be On The Market Soon
... and do not require refrigeration. "Using needles drives up the cost of vaccines and also raises the chance of contamination," Curtiss says. "But the oral vaccine is 'dirt cheap' in comparison. The biggest costs with the oral vaccine are the glass vials and labels. The vials for the salmonella vaccine w...UW Smogmobile Offers Cleaner, Safer Alternative To Gas Or Electric Cars
...air motor much like pressure from burning gasoline drives an internal combustion engine. One major difference, however, is that gasoline is a non-renewable resource so internal combustion engines have become more efficient over the years. With the abundance of air, there hasn't been the same motivation to m...New Gene May Intensify Breast Cancer Growth
...think this gene is probably part of the enginethat drives the growth of some breast cancers, and we're trying to understandhow that works," said Dr. Jeffrey Trent, a co-author of the paper and head ofthe NHGRI laboratory where the gene was cloned. The researchers have also begun to design the first clinical...Disease Takes Its Toll On Waterfowl Populations
...y is continuing and may not end until cold weather drives the birds further south. Avian botulism is a disease of birds resulting from the ingestion of a paralyzing toxin produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum type C. The toxin is closely related to botulism toxins A and B, which are responsible...Long-Time NIH Grantee Wins Nobel Prize In Chemistry
... which ATP--the cellular energy that drives all biological reactions--is formed," said Dr. Marvin Cassman, NIGMS Director. "Determining how ATP is synthesized has been a central problem in biology for decades and is at the core of an understanding of m...Genetic "Short Circuit" Leads To Cleft Palate
... the growth factor TGF-2, and Cdk4, a protein that drives cell division. Equivalent molecules are present in humans, and a similar pathway may be responsible for human cleft palate. However as Dr. Melnick points out, the human situation may also be more complicated. "There are several tissues involved i...... as the previously described ATP-binding site that drives theenzyme's activity, amid three distinct structural domains of the NS3 helicase. The structure yields important clues regarding the mechanism by which helicaseenzymes unravel double-stranded nucleic acid helices. "The atomic structure of the HCV hel......m the solution and given amore positive charge, it drives off the radioactive cesium for disposal. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is developing a continuous processing system to test thepotential of using this innovative approach for large-scale cleanup efforts at Hanford. Schwartz andhis team of st...... cell proliferation," says Yu. The protein complex drives a dividing cellfrom the metaphase stage of mitosis into anaphase--from the point in which thechromosomes find their partner and gather in pairs in the center of the cell, tothe point in which each member of the chromosomal pair separates and migrates...Georgia Scientists Study Salt Marsh To Understand Global Warming
...shsediments, the scientists hope to determine what drives microbial activity. By looking at the marsh environment across several seasons,they are learning how the nutrients flow through the system. Numerous variables affect microbial activity in the sediments, said Dr.Philippe Van Cappellen, an associate p...Researchers Show Mechanism And Similarities Of Biological Clocks
... for the positive component of theoscillation that drives the circadian rhythm," Takahashi said. The backward swing of the pendulum -- an "off" genetic switch -- wasfound by a group tinkering with the clockwork in fruit flies. That team, headedby Steve A. Kay at Scripps Research Institute, in collab...Minuscule Ocean Plants Help Stabilize Earth's Atmosphere, Climate
... eons also created part of thefossil fuel that now drives the industrialized world. And, ironically, the extracarbon dioxide generated by burning those fuels, in turn, will almost certainlyaffect future activity and distribution of ocean phytoplankton in ways that arehard to forecast, the authors wrote. ...Molecular Marker May Identify Bladder Cancer Patients Most Likely To Recur
...f human cancers inwhich molecular characterization drives therapeutic intervention." "Effect of p21(WAF1/CIP1) Expression on Tumor Progression in Bladder Cancer," byJohn P. Stein, David A. Ginsberg, Gary D. Grossfeld, Sunanda J. Chatterjee,David Esrig, Ming G. Dickinson, Susan Groshen, Clive R. Taylor, Pete...New Alzheimer's-Associated Mutation May Provide Key To Disease Process
...ads us directly to a protein pathway that we think drives theAlzheimer's disease process," says Rudolph Tanzi, PhD, director of the MGHGenetics and Aging Unit and senior author of the report, appearing in the Augustissue of Nature Genetics. "It could be a powerful new target for the developmentof drugs to p...Purdue Study: RNA 'Motor' Transports DNA In Virus
... rotation." Guo speculates that the force that drives this action likely comes from thecontraction and relaxation of the six RNA molecules, which "fire" in asequential manner, similar to a six-cylinder car engine. "Some evidence for such a theory has been reported," he says. Instead of gasoline,...Researchers Develop Fast Screening Method For Water Testing
...graph is heatedto about 250 degrees Celsius, which drives the molecules from the chemical layeron the fiber to another column where the molecules are separated. Once separated, the toxic molecules are sent through a chamber filledwith free electrons, which are quickly snapped up by the molecules. A...Glowing Cyanobacteria Gives Researchers New Clues To Circadian Rhythms
..., are integral components of thefeedback loop that drives the circadian clock. "The expression of KaiC is critically important for setting the phase ofthe clock," said Golden. The researchers found that the levels of kaiC geneexpression increase during daytime and decrease during nighttime. But an...