Genetically-engineered 'marathon mouse' keeps on running
...re fatigue resistant of the muscle fibers. This is due to their large numbers of mitochondria the cell's..."So, their resistance to weight gain is not simply due to increased exercise. "Significantly, the increased number of fat-burning muscle fibers appears by...Livermore research in accelerator mass spectrometry highlighted at ACS meeting
...g of meat and research on the prevention of cancer due to those chemicals. Her talk also will be included in Henderson's mini symposium. Other presentations include using AMS to study new potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis, DNA oxidation in breast cancer cells, pharmacokinetics and development of n...Improved nutrition could reduce malaria burden worldwide
...ors looked at malaria morbidity and mortality risk due to underweight and specific micronutrient deficiencies in countries including The Gambia, Vanuatu, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau and Senegal. While underweight children had only a slightly increased risk of a clinical malaria attack, the data on mortality ris...Plumbing trees' plumbing reveals their engineering skill
...e in the landscape above from a savanna to forest, due to grazing and human prevention of natural wild fires over the last 150 years. In their experiments, Jackson and his colleagues descended into the caves and sampled roots of four tree species -- a juniper, an evergreen oak, a deciduous oak and the de...New understanding of the machinery of flinching
...at the effects on the polysensory zone were partly due to alteration of the muscle response as well as to effects on the sensory response to the air puff. The researchers concluded that their findings help reveal the role of the polysensory zone (PZ) as a "hotspot" that is relatively specialized for proc...Nucleic acid-amplification testing further safeguards nation's blood supply
...es infections in donors have been missed. This is due to the "window period" during which a donor can be infected but still test negative on screening tests. The NAT system, which was approved for use in 2002 by the FDA, can detect HIV and HCV infections in blood donors earlier than other screening te...Using statistics to decipher secrets of natural mutation
... naturally occurring mutations and their variation due to biological and biochemical influences, and appears to offer some insight into factors such as generation time and population size that have varied in mammalian evolution. Green concluded that by contributing to a better understanding of naturally...Alcohol-use and depression among pregnant and postpartum women
...n. "Given the challenges of the postpartum period due to the stresses of parenting and changes in hormone levels, which can themselves sometimes result in postpartum depression, treatment during pregnancy is vital." "Although we know about the harmful effects of alcohol use and depression on women and t...Genes can influence both alcohol consumption and dependence
...ong-term average alcohol intake is almost entirely due to genetic differences. Some genes affect both alc...ong-term average alcohol intake is almost entirely due to genetic differences, and that some genes affect both intake and dependence while others affect on...Ovarian cancer sheds tumor suppression with loss of estrogen receptor
...pellier, France. "We hypothesized that this may be due to the selective decrease that we observed in the expression of message for ER beta in tumors from ovarian cancer patients." Tumors from 58 ovarian cancer patients contained less messenger RNA for the ER beta than found in ovarian samples from health...Infant rats eagerly accept high concentrations of alcohol upon first exposure
...he high blood alcohol levels obtained were largely due to active drinking, not just inhalation or absorption through the skin. "Establishing unusually high alcohol ingestion at this age is important for understanding the relationships between brain and alcohol intake," he said, "because we know how the...Prions act as stepping stones in evolution
...evolution comes in. On those rare occasions when, due to a particular environment, the altered properties of the cell provide it with a survival advantage, the cell passes that trait on to its progeny. But when the daughter cells are mated and genetic reassortment takes place, they can subsequently pass...T. rex owes its giant size to the ultimate teenage growth spurt
...osaurus rex. T. rex reached its massive adult size due to an extraordinary growth spurt that stretched fr...y growth lines, but they are hard to read. This is due to the way these large bones form: their marrow cavity expands and changes shape as they grow, erasi...Rutgers-Newark scientist: Mosquitoes may carry lethal parasite
...lls where microsporidia are unlikely to be present due to the absence of food sources. "Prevention is so much better than cure," Cali said, adding that although treatment for some types of microsporidia shows promise, "Whenever we start dealing with parasites in our cells, it's very difficult to kill th...The telomere crisis: A crucial stage in breast cancer
...llecting duct occasionally proliferate excessively due to development of a regulatory defect. Gray and his colleagues postulate that this results in a lesion called "usual ductal hyperplasia." "The chromosomes in these growing cells lose a hundred or so base pairs of DNA every time they divide," Gray ex...Coordinating power of circadian rhythms keeps estrus and pregnancy on track
...e equivalent of human menstrual cycles), primarily due to a defect in the control of hormone release by the brain. The researchers also found that Clock mutant females exhibited high rates of mid-gestation pregnancy failure, a process that had not previously been linked to circadian rhythms. These...LBP-1a gene mutation linked to disruption of normal fetal development
...ngly suggested that the growth retardation was not due to a problem in the embryo itself," Parekh said. Scientists found almost a complete lack of blood vessels in the yolk sacs connected to embryos lacking LPB-1a and pools of free fetal blood in the amniotic cavity--the space inside the membrane surrou...Increasing international insect threat to stored food
... vigilant in preventing economic loss and hardship due to destruction and spoilage of foodstuffs by insects, according to CSIRO entomologist David Rees. Public health officials, quarantine workers, farmers and scientists around the world will have to pay greater attention to preventing infestations in st...Parasitic cowbirds thrive with a less ruthless strategy than cuckoos
...ted States over the past 400 years. This is partly due to their preference for cattle and short grass, both of which have increased with deforestation and the rise of suburbs. Their parasitic ways have drawn the attention of biologists, who have published more than 3,000 papers on their behavior. Hauber ...UCSD researchers are first to demonstrate molecular link between inflammation and cancer
..." The relationship between cancer and inflammation due to chronic infection has been suspected, but not proven, for many years. In a 1986 study, for example, one researcher compared the inflammatory response to a wound healing response, saying tumors were wounds that do not heal. Even without proof of ...