Gene profiling reveals the essence of 'stemness'
...volved in dealing with environmental toxins, which enables them to cope with stress," said Melton. "Beyond that, they seem to have upregulated genes for receptors that enable them to receive signals from extracellular proteins. These might be important for signaling the cells to start differentiating." While...Researchers isolate key part of cells death signals
...teins down to a basic unit, called a peptide, that enables them to bind to other molecule. Experiments showed that these peptides could hit their targets BCL-2 or BAK and set cell death in motion. "Interestingly, they come in two 'flavors'," said Korsmeyer, who also is the Sidney Farber Professor of Pathol...UT Southwestern and U.T. Dallas win NIH grant to establish first sickle cell center in Southwest
...the U.S., and better management of the disease now enables patients to live into middle age, according to the NIH. Among the center's activities will be clinical programs for adults with sickle cell disease, serving patients at Parkland Memorial Hospital, Zale Lipshy University Hospital and St. Paul Univers...Big-bottomed sheep have a rare genetic mutation that builds muscle, not fat
...rove beneficial in breeding these sheep because it enables them to convert food into muscle 30 percent more efficiently than normal sheep. Moreover, the gene could explain specific processes that give rise to obesity and fat metabolism, said Randy Jirtle, Ph.D., professor of radiation oncology at Duke and co...Structure reveals details of cells cargo-carriers
...eaction called GTP binding. This shape change also enables Sar1-GTP to recruit a second component called Sec2... colleagues reveals how the change in Sar1's shape enables Sec23/24 to recognize Sar1 and attach to it. The scientists discovered that the pre-budding complex ...NSF awards $4.3 million to Rutgers for Maize Genome Sequencing Project
...ng. "This research will generate information that enables scientists and farmers to make major improvements in one of the world's most significant crops and develop new approaches to genomic studies." Maize dominates agriculture in the United States, where approximately 9 billion bushels of corn double th...Research reveals how an acid dissolves, molecule by molecule
...ns between molecules as fast as they happen, which enables us to detect each step, and we use a time-of-flight mass spectrometer to detect the molecular products that the reactions produce." Scientists have speculated that hydrogen-bromide molecules, present in the upper atmosphere as a result of pesticides ...Researchers successfully deliver drugs to the primate brainstem
...infused molecules flow through solid tissue. This enables large molecular weight molecules, such as those used in drugs, to penetrate the brainstem. Researchers have refined and expanded the uses of CED during the past 8 years, but until now, there has been no way to track precisely where the drugs were go...Ion channels allow bacteria to resist stomach acid
...entially turns that pump off. The chloride channel enables the proton pump to function because it allows a negative chloride ion to leak out with every positively-charged proton that gets pumped out." The researchers next tested whether the channel is activated by acid shock. When they inserted the isolated ...Chips that analyse cancer genes
...y, Bern, Switzerland, explained. "Chip technology enables you to screen all the characteristics that will show you how the tumour might behave. Thousands of genes can be tested simultaneously." Although scientists have a good deal of knowledge of genes, current techniques to predict the prognosis are very ...World-first gene therapy for cystic fibrosis targets lung stem cells?
...ave in much the same way as human lung cells this enables us to use the nose airways in mice to easily develop and test out gene therapy treatments. "By instilling a single dose of a detergent found naturally in low amounts in our lungs, we are able to 'condition' cells to take up the gene needed to treat c...High school science teachers translate the latest research into classroom activities, lessons
...b and into secondary school science classrooms. It enables the teachers to learn about the latest science by working with scientists in modeling, problem-solving, doing research, and analyzing results, and then incorporation of nanotechnology into lessons. Lesson plans and activities will be tested and revis...Twin sister mechanism prevents formation of genetic mutations
... which relies on the help of "sister chromosomes," enables the cell to repair genetic damage without the risk of creating mutations. (During the process of cell division, each chromosome -- the structure in the nucleus that contains DNA -- gives rise to two identical "sister" chromosomes. These move on to th...Tailor-made cancer drugs: Wave of the future?
...e another in the cancer cell. This close proximity enables a chemical reaction to occur between them, resulting in the release of a cytotoxic drug which kills the cancer cell. Although the medication might encounter healthy cells in its travels, it would not harm them because the RNA triggering sequence woul...Firefly light illuminates course of herpes infection in mice
...nces and of molecular microbiology. "The technique enables us to follow an infection over time as it progress...n imaging method known as in vivo bioluminescence, enables investigators to track changes in the viral population in the same animal day after day. The device...Testing method improves management of Johne's disease in cows
...trong positive. Such classification, says Collins, enables farmers to make more informed decisions on how to handle each cow. In addition to saving farmers money, the method also allows diagnostic laboratories to handle more samples more efficiently: Collins' lab tested some 35,000 blood samples last year u...NIH funds new AIDS drug discovery research with $4.6 million
...New Jersey (UMDNJ) and Rutgers. "This major award enables Professor Arnold and his colleagues to continue their powerful work to develop effective treatments for this dreadful disease that threatens the well-being of millions of people worldwide," said Joseph J. Seneca, Rutgers' university vice president fo...UCLA scientists eavesdrop on cellular conversations by making mice 'glow' with firefly protein
... telephone conversations," he said. "Our technique enables us to listen in on multiple conversations in cells taking place deep within a living animal." According to Gambhir, the discovery will enable researchers to create and evaluate new ways of treating human disease. "Human disease is often caused by a s...Telerobotic equipment aids in cleanup activities
...n the process. The telerobotic manipulation system enables cleanup efforts to be conducted remotely from a distant location, performing chores that would have to otherwise be done on site by humans. Developed by the Department of Energy's Robotics Crosscutting program, the system may be used in the future to...INEEL researchers discover that concrete degrades nerve agent and can predict rate of decay
...d, has a high basic pH (10 or higher), and this pH enables it to neutralize the VX nerve agent. At a comfortable 24 degrees Celsius (75.2 degrees Fahrenheit), VX will degrade to 1 percent of its original concentration within 15 hours, and dwindle to a mere 10-millionth of original concentration within 50 hou...