Powerful Anti-AIDS Agent Found In Tears And In Urine Of Pregnant Women
...d against HIV and otherviruses." Lysozyme, an enzyme first described in 1922 by Alexander Fleming, thediscoverer of penicillin, breaks down the cell wall of bacteria, causingbacterial cells to burst and die. The enzyme, which Fleming also discovered wasabundant in tears, is produced in especially high ...Vesicle Chemistry: A New Way To Get Life-Like Reactions
...brane wall. The researchers estimate that a single enzyme and a singlesubstrate -- a molecule that the enzyme reacts with -- will bounce off each otherabout 300,000 times per second in a moderately sized vesicl......osine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a human enzyme that is essential for the de novo production of guanosine nucleotides (for example, GTP)-one of the building blocks of RNA and DNA. Inhibition of IMPDH may be an effective strategy for blocking the rapid proliferation (growth) of certain cell types...Folic Acid Lowers Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease
...cid'seffectiveness while conducting research on an enzyme calledmethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). This enzyme with thetongue-twisting name catalyzes a critical step in the biochemical chain reactionwithin cells......s, could bolster efforts aimed at manipulating the enzyme fortherapeutic purposes - whether to prompt cell d...s a new direction for potentially manipulating the enzyme for therapeuticpurposes. Blackburn's co-discovery of the telomerase enzyme in 1985 spawned a whole ...Emory University Scientists Demonstrate New Pathway For Genetic Mutations In Everyday Cell Life
...ns, but the other one lacked theappropriate repair enzyme and was not able to correct the mistake. As long asthe damage was repaired, no glowing luciferase protein could be detected, butwhen the cells were unable to repair the DNA damage, luciferase was manufacturedand could be detected....Compounds From Fruits, Vegetables And Grains Slow The Growth Of Human Tumor Cells
...-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA)reductase, an enzyme critical for the maturation of lamin B as well as ...ays. "When isoprenoids inhibitthe activity of this enzyme they disrupt the processing of mevalonic acid viathe mevalonate pathway. We think the tumor cells ne...Study Furthers Understanding Of Critical Alzheimer's Disease Gene
...earchers named the elusive and not-well-understood enzyme that is involved inthe clipping, gamma secretase. The current research suggests that either PS-1may be the long sought gamma-secretase, or that PS-1 is essential for gammasecretase's ability to clip amyloid. The study of mutated PS-1 protein was pu...Molecular Effect Of Vitamin E On Plaque Formation Identified
...biologicalanti-inflammatory effect on this crucial enzyme in cells that is more than justan antioxidant effect," Jialal said. "This pioneering work sheds more light onthe possible prevention of heart disease with this antioxidant supplement, bydecreasing not only oxidation of bad cholesterol but also by hav......tage tumors may compensate for the lack of one NER enzyme byincreasing the production of another NER enzyme that performs the samefunction," Dr. Latimer said. "In this way, the tumor can effectively repairtr...Tumor Oxygen Level And Blood Flow Fluctuate, Duke Scientists Discover
...s suddenly restored to an oxygen-deprived area, an enzyme calledxanthine oxidase produces oxygen radicals from the newly supplied oxygen,leading to tissue damage. This hypoxia-reoxygenation injury can occur inconditions such as a stroke: a brain region already damaged by low-oxygen fromthe cutoff of blood f...New Discovery May Lead To Control Of Production Of Key Proteins
...ocess for messenger RNA," Brewer said. One enzyme involved in the destruction of proteins is called theproteasome. "One of the implications of this work in terms of mechanism is thatthis protein, AUF1, binds to the RNA targeting sequences, which makes themessenger RNA unstable," Brewer said. ...Genes Found That Label Cell Proteins For Disposal
...ullins to form an enzyme, a ubiquitin ligase. This enzyme thenaccelerates a biochemical reaction in which a molecule called ubiquitin isattached to cellular proteins. Thus "ubiquitinized," the protein is marked fordisposal and degradation. After degradation, the cell then recycles theprotein's amino acids ...Pollutants Found In House Dust Increase Pesticide's Toxicity
...ity of a common householdinsecticide to inhibit an enzyme important in neurologic function in humans.Building on substantial evidence that the insecticide chlorpyrifos inhibitscholinesterase, a biochemical critical for nerve cell transmission, researchersat the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health found th...New Insights About 'Good Cholesterol'
...'s antioxidant abilityis partly due to an attached enzyme called lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT). "We have shown that LCAT has the ability to both eliminate and prevent theformation of oxidized lipids in plasma lipoproteins," claims Sparks. LCAT'srolewas previously thought to be limited to prom...Studies Of A Gene For A Rare Form Of Rickets Shed Light On Vitamin D Deficiencies
...a San Franciscoare beginning to understand how the enzyme works. They are learning how it isregulated normal...ler, M.D.,collaborated in cloning the gene for the enzyme in 1997. The 1-alpha hydroxylase enzyme works in the kidney to perform one of the finalsteps in a lo......at least partlydue to activation of PI3 Kinase, an enzyme that interacts with other cellproteins and plays a...hLPS and p38 MAP Kinase. P38 MAP Kinase is a human enzyme involved in thesignaling pathways within cells. When activated, the p38 MAP Kinase alsotriggers the ...Plant-Based Fat Inhibits Growth Of Breast-Cancer Cell Line, UB Researchers Show
.... B-sitosterol had no effect on theactivity of an enzyme called PP2A, which was found in his previous study to playa role in reducing prostate-cancer cell growth. Additional researchers on the study were A. Downie, UB graduate studentin nutrition, and Carol S. Fink, Ph.D., UB clinical assistant pr...Enzyme Presence Could Be Key Factor In Wolf Health, Study Suggests
...in Minnesota, and some of the wild wolves carry an enzyme previouslyfound only in dogs -- which raisesquesti...ary link to gray wolves(Canis lupus), he said. The enzyme discovery was published in the Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine.The heart comparison wasreported......econtrol of diabetes, to the reverse transcriptase enzyme that, when blocked,inhibits HIV infection. Just as in human cells, the Photosystem proteins inside a plant cell aretranslated from amino acids. Amino acids have a 20 letter alphabet for each ofthe 20 naturally occurring amino acids (shown below as AA...