New nanoparticle coating mimics dolphin skin
...lem is their effect on a ship's performance -- the extra growth on the hull increases friction and drag, leading to increased energy consumption. And fouling is more than just an economic issue; a less fuel-efficient ship emits greater amounts of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in addition to sulfur and ...Physics tip sheet #29 October 23, 2002
...pitulnik arXiv preprint server If the universe has extra dimensions, they might show up by modifying the force of gravity at small scales. Because gravity is relatively weak, it is hard to measure it precisely but physicists are continually pushing to smaller scales. A new experiment takes another bite out...Disease-causing genetic mutations in sperm increase with men's age
...titioning of chromosomes, producing an egg with an extra copy or a missing copy, Glaser says. For example, in Down syndrome, an extra copy of chromosome 21 is inherited from the mother. Sperm, on the other hand, are continually produc...Increased CO2 levels are mixed blessing for agriculture
...they have the luxury of using extra CO2 to enhance reproduction." Even though seed size increased, the amount of nitrogen in the seeds didn't. Nitrogen levels decreased by an average of 14 percent across all plants except ...'OptIPuter' design for data-intensive computer wins $13.5 million NSF award
...mbdas. Use of parallel lambdas will permit so much extra bandwidth that the connection is likely to be uncongested. "Recent cost breakthroughs in networking technology are making it possible to send multiple lambdas down a single piece of customer-owned optical fiber," said co-PI Papadopoulos. "This will i...Heart size and function uncoupled by researchers
...t, the heart muscle enlarges to compensate for the extra work. At a certain point, however, this compensation doesn't work anymore and the heart starts to fail. The scientists hope that this research will form the basis for better treatments for people with chronic heart failure or cardiovascular disease. ...Alzheimer's disease may originate in the brain's white matter
...nsfer stations, etc. would be unable to carry the extra power, thus negating any potential benefits. So it is with the brain's transmission infrastructure: the white matter. The researchers found two other interesting relationships. Women tended to have more alterations in their white matter than men, a f...Living in a glass house: Ocean organism's novel dwelling helps Earth's atmosphere
...han would be the case for a smooth structure. That extra surface area might make photosynthesis more efficient for the diatom. "These are very pretty things and their beauty might in fact be related to their function," said Morel....Slightly stressed carp succumb easily to parasite
...efence against the parasite. Stressed carp produce extra cortisol. In carp, cortisol inhibits four crucial proteins which normally ensure the protection of the fish. In addition to this, cortisol ensures that certain protective white blood cells die. Cortisol also reduces the quantity of antioxidant in the...... brings happiness that is equivalent to earning an extra 70,000 a year, while the death of a partner corresponds to losing 170,000 a year. These figures were calculated by Professor Andrew Oswald, who has been funded by the ESRC to study the relationships between economics and happiness. New research is ex...Gene trigger for pancreas formation identified
...ockouts will become increasingly common. "It adds extra depth to understanding cellular behavior," he said. He is also enthusiastic about fluorescent variants of the lineage tracing technique that will allow investigators to follow living cells as they change fates. And he is excited about his group's on...Trees encroaching grasslands may lock up less carbon than predicted
...o grassy areas, Jackson's research group found the extra carbon saved in the wood of encroaching trees and shrubs at the wettest locations may be more than offset by the carbon lost from the underlying soil. They made their deductions at six experimental field sites from eastern Texas to western New Mexico...'Fowl-howl' ties discovered between birds, monkeys
...me of the smallest islands counterintuitively spur extra tree growth, which in turn boosts populations of i...ed. Because plants are also eaten by insects, the extra growth "allows for a high density of insects, which in turn allows for a high density of insectivoro...Amplified genome area mapped; New gene is overexpressed in oral cancer, say Pittsburgh researchers
...genome chromosomal band 11q13 that is present in extra copies, or amplified, in a large percentage of oral cancers. They also have identified a new gene that is expressed at abnormally high levels in oral cancers when the segment is amplified. Their results are to be published the week of Aug. 5 online i...Surprise, surprise, surprise: Hopkins scientists unexpectedly create epilepsy in rats
... uncontrolled "firing" of brain cells. Aware that extra amounts of the messenger can kill brain cells by over-stimulating them, the scientists thought preventing it from getting into cells might lead to cell death. But blocking one of the messenger's main transporters didn't kill nerve cells; instead, the...Stealthy new deep-sea camera system may find new deep-sea creatures
...ip and remotely operated vehicle (ROV) time and an extra set of the special batteries required by the system. From the research vessel Point Lobos, MBARI's ROV Ventana will transport the Eye In The Sea system to the depths of the Monterey Canyon. Dr. Widder plans to deploy Eye In The Sea for the first...Texas scientists reach out and touch molecules
...ia an haptic device dubbed "Touch." "Involving the extra sense of feeling for the chemist gives an advantage in designing drugs," he added. Haptic, from the Greek word "to feel, "is a relatively new field of computer graphics. Since its introduction in the 1960s, computer graphics have become much more att...Multiple births - their risks and how to prevent them
...e caesarean sections, prolonged breast feeding and extra stress, particularly for the mother and especially during the early years of childhood. The economic consequences can be overwhelming as well." Dr Nygren said that the push for multiple pregnancies was driven by a combination of factors • cos......curs in about 1 in 1,000 men, who are born with an extra X chromosome. They tend to be tall, thin and have female physical characteristics. They have normal sexual function but are sterile. *** Pseudohermaphrodites have a physical appearance that is at variance with their gonadal sex. Females have a normal......apies for many serious disorders," he says. "This extra step in cell signaling actually lets the cell figure out how it's going to communicate what it needs to," says Donowitz. "Without this switchboard system, the cell would go crazy and overload because every stimulus that passed by would be forwarded ...