Bacterial Toxin Surprises Scientists
...g hole, or channel, allows the entrance of foreign particles, the escape of intracellular components, and, perhaps most devastating, loss of the vital electrical potential stored in the membrane. The researchers determined the parts of the protein that lie on each side of the ...Dangerous Chemical Combination Presents Possible Scenario For Gulf War Illnesses
...ctive a particular blood enzyme is in removing the foreign chemicals fromthe body, the researchers said. This...dplasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), inactivates foreign chemicals suchas DEET and permethrin. However, the scientists said there is a finite and limited a...Duke Ecologist Says Logging Is Creating 'Mahogany Deserts'
... Meanwhile, African and Philippine"mahoganies" are foreign imposters, she said. Swietenia macrophylla towers up to 180 feet tall, with a wide leafy crownthat dominates other trees. In the dry season, its leaves turn a deep mahoganyred and then shed, mimicking the autumn ritual of northern deciduous trees.Be...Discovery Of Cell Sites May Shed Light On How Bodily Systems Interact
...arecells scattered throughout the body that ingest foreign cells. The bacteriumcauses the macrophages to produce IL-1, a message-carrying polypeptide withfever-inducing properties. It had been assumed, Kelley said, that the messageof IL-1 was received in the hypothalamus, where response orders for growth-hor...Medicinal Leech May Offer Clues To Neural Regeneration
...lls that roam the central nervous system to ingest foreign particles, such as bacteria and dead cells. By flagging down microglia to help at the site of injury, nitric oxide may aid efforts to minimize tissue damage and infection. Sahley is pursuing studies to test this hypothesis. Sahley says the medicinal ...Scientists Discover Smallest Frog
...y's economic conditions typically have teamed with foreign colleagues to carry on their work. "The tropical forests in Cuba are even more fragile and more threatened than those in the Amazon of South America because they are so small, less than 10 percent of the island's land area," says Hedges. "They are ...Herpes-Based Gene Therapy Is Key To Promising Liver Tumor Vaccine
... body's immune system to mount an attack against a foreign substance. Doctors also injected the rats with gamma-interferon, another cytokine now used clinically to help the body fight cancer. Then they measured the rats' resistance to cancer cells. Doctors found that inserting into cells a gene to boost the ...Duke Study Shows Early Marrow Transplant Key To 'Bubble Boy' Disease Cure
...ause they haveno T-cells to attack and destroy the foreign donor marrow, as is the casewith cancer patients. "Patients with SCID have no immune systems to reject the transplants.Our approach avoids toxic agents and their possible complications,"she said. Moreover, Buckley has found a way to reduc...Wonder Thread: UD Scientists Report First Protein With Collagen And Elastin-Like Domains
...ibodies--proteins designed to detect and fight off foreign molecules by binding with them--helped Coyne target preCol-P. First, messenger RNA (ribonucleic acid) containing the genetic code for the protein was extracted from mussel foot tissue. Next, RNA was converted to the more stable DNA (deoxyribonucleic ...Smoking Mice Lead To Emphysema Breakthrough
...used byneutrophils, white blood cells that destroy foreign invaders and, occasionally,cause inflammation. According to the most widely-accepted scenario, neutrophilsmount a counter-attack against smoke by congregating in the lungs and releasinginflammatory enzymes. The enzymes eventually break down elastic f...Recombinant Protein Immunizes Mice, Promises New Strategy Against Infection And Cancer
...pment, scientists have crafteda new way to deliver foreign proteins into the body such that the immune systemis primed to attack virus-infected cells and cancer cells. Because this kind ofan immune response is key to vaccine development, the findings have profoundimplications for developing safe vaccines to...UMass Researchers Announce Birth Of Genetically Modified Cloned Calves
...n may be used to reduce the chance of rejection of foreign organs, tissues, and bone marrow transplants, and produce therapeutic proteins and improve survival in cell transplants. These cells are currently being tested in animals for treating such disorders as Parkinsons disease. Many other disorders, such a...Gene Therapy Enables Transplantation Without Immunosuppressive Drugs
...cells responsible for recognizingand responding to foreign antigens such as those presented by the tissues of...l signals arerequired to trigger T cells to attack foreign tissues. A primary signal thatalerts the cell to the presence of a foreign antigen occurs at the sit...Leftover Fetal Cells May Affect Development Of Scleroderma
... not be recognized by the mother's immune systemas foreign and would not be destroyed. For example, if the mother's immunecells carry markers A and B, and the child inherits an A gene from the motherand an A gene from the father, that child's cells can escape detection by themother's immune system, even tho...Researchers From Rockefeller University Develop Novel Method To Fight Cancer
...o activate the immunesystem to recognize tumors as foreign and reject them, based on tumor-specificantigens that are presented on a molecule called MHC, a highly diverse set ofproteins responsible for allowing dendritic cells to communicate with T cells.MHC molecules are different in each person, giving each......-At least 10,000 scientists from the U.S. and many foreign countriesare expected. Sessions--More than 4,700 papers will be given, beginning on Sunday, March 29,and concluding Thursday afternoon April 2. Meeting sessions will be held at theDallas Convention Center and several major hotels. Press Room--W...Jefferson Scientists Link Some Cases Of Scleroderma To Damage From Lingering Fetal Cells
...mulating the pathogenesis of scleroderma. If these foreign cells are involved in the pathogenesis of disease, you can create a vaccine or try some other way to eliminate them from the body. "The study describes the presence of fetal cell levels in scleroderma, and suggests the possibility th...Biochemist Solves Riddle Of Collagen Stability
...tem is tricked into thinking its own collagen is a foreign entity that must be destroyed," Raines said. "That process might be triggered when collagen begins to unfold." Collagen therapy could work much like bone or skin grafting, where new material replaces the lost or damaged tissue, he said. Some early, e...Chocolate Treats Can Land Racehorse Trainers In Trouble
...ecisions about penalties, the rule remainsthat any foreign substance in a sample collected from a horse is a violation. “Although the Florida trainer was eventually exonerated, he may have spent a few thousand dollars on testing,” Sams said. “There’sno guarantee that another racing comm...Virginia Tech Scientists To Evaluate Risks Associated With Release of Recombinant Organisms
...n small and large herds as well as transfer of its foreign DNA toother microorganisms." While recombinant organisms are being developed in laboratories aroundthe world, Inzana explains, some questions exist regarding the safety ofreleasing these organisms into the environment. This study is designe...