Cigarette smoke causes breaks in DNA and defects to a cell's chromosomes, Pitt study finds
...-stranded breaks probably leads to anaphase bridge formation and chromosomal instability," added Li Z. Luo, Ph....lls with different antioxidants, agents that block formation of reactive oxygen species, prevented most occurrences of anaphase bridge formation and significantl...Evidence builds for potential new cancer drug target
...leukemia cells depend on for proliferation, is the formation of white blood cells. "This study is another step in the process of validating the c-myb gene as a potential target for new cancer drugs," said Prem Reddy, Ph.D., professor and director of the Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biolog...Poplar DNA code cracked -- a step in combating global warming?
...m are investigating which genes are crucial to the formation of wood and how they might optimize the structure and composition of wood to improve the production of paper....Binocular rivalry: Fulfilling visual expectations
...is normal to think of vision as beginning with the formation of an image on the back of the eye, which in turn stimulates a cascade of nerve impulses that "feed forward" to send signals deep into the brain. It is in the brain's visual cortex that these signals are interpreted. Signals in the visual cortex also...Martin Saunders to receive the James Flack Norris Award
...e intermediates in organic reactions including the formation of many natural substances such as the steroids. The approach Saunders took was to create stable solutions of these normally highly reactive species, so that they could be studied by NMR. This allowed him to discover the detailed mechanisms and rates...Research suggests new avenue for stopping, preventing colon cancer
...me produces another prostaglandin that blocks clot formation and dilates blood vessels. Long-term, high-dose use of the COX-2 inhibitor Vioxx has been linked to high blood pressure and an increased risk of serious heart problems in some patients. Last month, researchers at the Salk Institute in La Jolla repor...Prion propagation: Avoiding the toxic oligomer
...colleagues show, surprisingly, that amyloid plaque formation can occur in the absence of the putative toxic oli...lf-replicating aggregations reminiscent of amyloid formation and prion propagation. Though yeast aren't susceptible to prion diseases, they do assume what scient...Amyloid fibers sprout one step at a time
... implications for those designing drugs to prevent formation of the brain-damaging proteins in those diseases. ...s, he said. Initial efforts to understand amyloid formation compared the process to the formation of the cell's cytoskeleton, a better understood mechanism kno...Joslin researchers clarify mechanisms for beta-cell formation
...roducing beta cells form within the pancreas. This formation of new beta cells is the focus of intensive resear... in the body or to formulate methods to expand the formation of new cells as a source for transplantation in type 1 diabetes." There are two major types of...Can an old gene learn new tricks?
...nner ear. Therefore, a Drosophila gene can direct formation of an organ system that does not even exist in the Drosophila body. "These results demonstrate that the evolution of higher vertebrate characteristics can result from the recycling or redeployment of 'old' genes in new parts of the embryo, rather t...... cells to convert into epithelial cells during the formation of somites early in embryogenesis. Somites are transitory structures that appear in a head-down direction in strictly timed and ordered pairs as the chicken develops, dividing the embryo into body patterning segments, and later giving rise to the ver...Researchers report new gene test for isolated cleft lip and palate
...ific protein that plays a vital role in the normal formation of the lips, palate, skin and genitalia during the early stages of development. The researchers found that mutations of the IRF6 gene are associated with an increased chance that a child would be born with a cleft lip or palate. Two years ago, Murray...New dye directly reveals activated proteins in living cells
...family controls extension of the edge, another the formation of fibers, and still another controls tail retract...that latter regard were tantalizing. Cdc42 induced formation of cell extensions called filopodia when it was activated around the filopodia base and not within t...New research suggests early diet may play key role in protecting against childhood leukaemia
...n induced chromosome damage and it can prevent the formation of harmful heterocyclic amines and nitroso-compounds which can result from eating certain processed foods. He has also shown that curcumin irreversibly inhibits the multiplication of leukaemia cells in cell culture. Nagabhusan says these results are...Israeli scientists reveal the plan of a key cellular machine
...the bits of DNA in the genes that code for protein formation are interspersed with "filler" segments that have no known function, scientists have worked to understand the process by which the right sequences are lifted out and strung together to make a coherent set of instructions. This act, referred to as "RN...Study by Israeli scientists provides insight on DNA code
...the bits of DNA in the genes that code for protein formation are interspersed with "filler" segments that have no known function, scientists have worked to understand the process by which the right sequences are lifted out and strung together to make a coherent set of instructions. This act, referred to as "RN...OutFoxed! New research may redefine late-stage cardiac development
...required for later stages of development including formation of all four-heart chambers. Now we know it's not necessary". Another aspect of the work that is remarkable is that both of the hearts that form in Foxp4 mutant embryos show the same ability to distinguish left and right "sidedness". Many organs in...Breaking new ground in germ cell guidance
...e unerringly through the body to contribute to the formation of the gonad, acquiring the characteristics of more mature germ cells en route. The puzzle of how these cells find their way through the developing body has challenged biologists for years, but is now beginning to yield to their painstaking efforts t...A new protein is discovered to play a key role in cancer progression
...role in cancer development. It is required for the formation of a signaling complex that is an essential factor in activating TGF-b signaling necessary to suppress the growth of cancer cells. When cPML is lost, TGF-b signaling is disrupted. Primary cells from Pml-null mice are resistant to TGF-b dependent grow......integration into the outer mitochondrial membrane, formation of channels, release of cytochrome c, and apoptotic cell death. A selective inhibitor of JNK reduced apoptosis in the ischemic core, blocked interactions between JNK, BimL and Bax, and the translocation of Bax from the cytoplasm to mitochondria....