Disruption of protein-folding causes neurodegeneration, mental retardation
...e (mouse) embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), as well as groups of nerve-like cells called neurospheres. The researchers then compared the behaviour of those cells with that of cells that were similar, except that they lacked -galactosidase, which caused them to accumulate GM1. Regardless of whether the researche...Complex cells likely arose from combination of bacterial and extreme-microbe genomes
...rs ago, ancestors of these two diverse prokaryotic groups fused their genomes to form the first eukaryote, and in the processes two different branches of the tree of life were fused to form the ring of life," Lake said. The work is part of an effort supported by the National Science Foundation--the fede...UCLA molecular biologists uproot the tree of life
... with its evolutionary branches and roots, showing groups of bacteria on the bottom and multicellular animal...rs ago, ancestors of these two diverse prokaryotic groups fused their genomes to form the first eukaryote, and in the processes two different branches of the ...Heart gene yields insights into evolution, disease risk
...enome and how it is influenced by evolution." Both groups working together can bridge the gap between genes and health, said Wray, gaining a much better insight into how evolution influences the form of genes that affect health....Single isolated mouse skin cell can generate into variety of epidermal tissues
... on by all the stem cells that our group and other groups have analyzed so far," says Blanpain. "These genes are likely to represent stemness -- the ability to maintain themselves as well as to differentiate -- and that is very interesting because it suggests that different stem cells of the body have certa...Genuine stem cells found in skin might treat hair loss, wounds
...stem cells also showed heightened activity in both groups of stem cells in the skin, further delineating the short list of "stemness" genes. "These new data now document that single cells isolated from the bulge can self-renew and are multipotent, and thus possess the classical defining features of bona f...Skin stem cells give hairless mice hair
...ffers biologists an opportunity to compare the two groups of cells, in terms of the control that the bulge exerts over their proliferation and differentiation. Despite the fact that the stem cells expressed many different genes, both populations were capable of self-renewal when grown in culture, said Fuch...Small, Smac-like molecule encourages death of cancer cells
...Science at UT Southwestern. He said other research groups as well as pharmaceutical companies have been trying to develop a small- molecule Smac mimic. The challenge for cancer therapies now is that they also tend to kill normally growing cells as well as cancer cells, which results in undesirable side effe...Essential smell gene may provide key to new insect repellents
...ther kinds of receptors are divided up among small groups of olfactory neurons. In addition, Or83b is found in widely divergent species of insects, including locusts, mosquitoes, moths, honeybees and medflies. "In all of these insects the gene is found in nearly all the olfactory neurons. The vast majority ...Chernobyl study: Risk of thyroid cancer rises with radiation dose
...s, many efforts have been made by various research groups around the world to study the health effects of Chernobyl, and hundreds of scientific papers have been published. But ours is the first report that provides quantitative estimates of thyroid-cancer risk in relation to individual estimates of radiatio...DHA-rich diet protects brain from Alzheimer's damage, UCLA study shows
... brain-cell activity. The researchers placed both groups on the new diet, but fed the second group DHA supplements from algae. After five months, the researchers compared each set of mice to a control group that consumed the same diet but did not carry the Alzheimer's genes. The results surprised them...Scientists fear new Ebola outbreak may explain sudden gorilla disappearance
...Bai, a natural clearing in the park where separate groups of the gorillas predictably congregated. But whereas 45 groups of gorillas (each with an average of eight individuals) were once normally observed there, the numbe...Better living through urban ecology
...ecision makers, as well as educators and community groups in the affected water- and sewer-sheds. Michael T. Rains, Director of the USDA Forest Service's Northeastern Research Station, comments, "As we look ahead to concerns about protecting natural resource sustainability, the critical role of BES research...Critically endangered monkey species plummets more than 50 percent since 1994
...populations of this langur species, preventing the groups from interacting with one another. Fourteen of the groups are likely to disappear within the next decade, since they either lack a breeding pair or have unsus...Bright idea could doom cancer and viruses, say Purdue scientists
...fight against cancer and viruses, and I hope other groups will continue the work we have begun."...UCSD biologists develop 'super-endurance' strain of mice
...in their skeletal muscle, the scientists subjected groups of super mice and normal mice, with the HIF-1 gene... the two running tests, the scientists had the two groups of mice run on treadmills that were either tilted upwards by five degrees or downwards by 10 degrees...Engineering endurance: The future of the Olympics?
Two groups have genetically engineered different pathways that change mice from Sunday morning joggers to Olympic marathoners. Running, like any sustained skeletal muscle activity, consumes large quantities of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a molecule that fuels...Why your knees and quads hurt more after running than walking: You're only human
...nsition, so the energy consumption by those muscle groups doesn't increase substantially at the gait transit...-fold during running (to 49% of the three extensor groups combined, vs. 23% at a walk). This compared with a 1.77-fold increase for the hip extensors (to 36% ......nner. In damaged DNA, negatively charged phosphate groups migrate along the axis of the DNA, and that allows the molecule to bend easily. We believe it is this difference in the damaged and intact DNA that the enzymes recognize." Haranczyk said this was the first quantum chemistry simulation to survey such ......esistance strategy was disclosed when the research groups of Ralph Panstruga and Paul Schulze-Lefert discovered a mlo gene fragment which occurs in several repeats in the genome of the mutant. About ten adjacent repeats could be detected during analysis. They are located "upstream" of the wild-type gene on ...