Cigarette smoke causes breaks in DNA and defects to a cell's chromosomes, Pitt study finds
...ivision, its DNA is replicated and compressed into identical copies of each chromosome inside the cell nucleus. The chromosomes are then segregated during cell division, so that each daughter nucleus receives a complete copy of the genetic material. The stage when chromosomes are segregated and become separate...Chemical derived from vitamin-E shows early promise as cancer drug
...lt from studies involving treatment of genetically identical mice, which were given the novel vitamin E compound either orally or by aerosol. Based on earlier, similar findings by Kline and colleagues, the National Cancer Institute is funding national efforts to investigate the ability of this novel compou...'Most recent common ancestor' of all living humans surprisingly recent
...ived as recently as about 3,000 years ago, and the identical ancestors point was as recent as several thousand years ago. The paper suggests, "No matter the languages we speak or the color of our skin, we share ancestors who planted rice on the banks of the Yangtze, who first domesticated horses on the steppes...A test case for DNA barcodes to identify species
...wo or more individuals, gene sequences were either identical or closest to other sequences within that species. The authors report that the genetic barcodes therefore "separate individuals into the categories that taxonomists call species." As their technology matures, it could radically advance biologists...Israeli scientists reveal the plan of a key cellular machine
...t spliceosomes in living cells are made up of four identical modules strung together like beads on a strand of RNA, each a miniature spliceosome capable of splicing on its own. The connections between the modules tend to be flexible, allowing the position of the units to vary in relation to each other. Thus pi...Study by Israeli scientists provides insight on DNA code
...t spliceosomes in living cells are made up of four identical modules strung together like beads on a strand of RNA, each a miniature spliceosome capable of splicing on its own. The connections between the modules tend to be flexible, allowing the position of the units to vary in relation to each other. Thus pi...New genetic hypothesis for the cause of autism
...e significant because twin studies have found that identical twins, who have the same DNA, are much more likely to share the diagnosis than fraternal twins. However, experts have not yet identified the specific genetic components related to autism, and many experts believe that multiple genes are involved. Re......se the Smac protein itself is a combination of two identical proteins, although the reason for Compound 3's activity remains unclear. Compound 3's striking apoptosis-triggering activity revealed itself when the scientists introduced it into cultures of human glioblastoma cells. "We picked human glioblastoma b...Bone marrow cells routinely help with wound healing
...erformed a stem cell transplant into a genetically identical strain of normal mice, whose cells do not glow green. Afterward, only the bone marrow of the transplanted mice glowed green inside the bodies of the mice, allowing researchers to track the bone marrow cells throughout the body. Researchers found gree...Small, Smac-like molecule encourages death of cancer cells
...lso a dimer, which means that is it made up of two identical halves. Dr. Harran, an organic chemist, said their original candidate molecules were monomers, able to imitate just one half of the two-headed protein. "While working with a particular monomer, we performed a chemical reaction that caused it to dimer...No longer just for biology, RNA can now be built into 3-D arrays
...ructures, including "large" 3-D arrays formed from identical RNA building blocks. Because these arrays extend to several micrometers, far larger than individual RNA strands, they may potentially link nanofabrication with current microfabrication processes. The researchers hope that the arrays, while still in...Genetically-engineered 'marathon mouse' keeps on running
...PPAR-delta-enhancing drug, they showed a virtually identical protection against weight gain, said Evans. The genetically altered mice also had lower levels of intramuscular triglycerides, he said, which are often associated with insulin resistance and diabetes in obese people. The marathon mice lived up to th...PCB breakdown in rivers depends on sediment-specific bacteria, find Carnegie Mellon U. scientists
...tions using the same experimental approaches under identical conditions. Despite 30 years of scientific investigation and search for remediation approaches, the contamination of waterways with PCBs remains a pressing environmental challenge. A mixture of 209 related chemicals, PCBs accumulate in fish and bi...Genetic clues found for common congenital brain disorder
...IC1 and ZIC4 genes they found a syndrome virtually identical to the human disorder. Mice with one dysfunctional copy of either gene had mild anatomic abnormalities but no behavioral changes. But about 15 percent of the mice that had one normal and one abnormal version of both ZIC1 and ZIC4 had abnormalities ...Scientists visualise cellular handmaiden that restores shape to proteins
.... The complex comprises three separate parts - two identical 'cage' units lashed back to back, and a 'cap' unit that sits atop the cage, acting as a stopper. The cage contains the unwound, or denatured, protein, while the chaperonin goes about refolding its shape using the cellular energy source, ATP. The stru...DNA variations surprise researchers
...the genome of any two individuals is 99.9 per cent identical with the 0.1 per cent variation arising primarily from some three million single nucleotide changes scattered amongst the chromosomes. The new data from the Sick Kids and Harvard groups revealed 255 regions (comprising more than 0.1 per cent) of the ...AGU journal highlights - 29 July 2004
...uchhigh-frequency radio wave induced emissions are identical to those created innatural auroras. The authors were able to repeatedly create the emissions, which survive for nearly one minute before collapsing as they descend in altitude. Theirexperiment provides evidence for the high-altitude plasma turbulenc...LICR/UCSD team solves mystery of centromeres
... a duplicate copy of its chromosomes. Each pair of identical chromosomes forms a centromere that holds them tog...ite pole. Cell division follows, resulting in two identical daughter cells. "Ever since Mendel's original genetic studies, we've wondered how it is that ce...Microarrays, key genome expression trackers, work better when probes are sequence-verified
...e due to the failure of similar studies to measure identical biological parameters. In other words, the problem could arise from the fact that many of the microarray probes and there are now up to hundreds of thousands on a single slide are often based on gene sequences that are five years old, or more. Ba......rring organohalogens, and many are similar or even identical to their synthetic counterparts. "Humans have...ature for remarkable examples of similar and often identical halogenated organic chemicals. These amazing compounds are a vital part of life, and they serve natu...