Hurdle In Ulcer Vaccine Development Cleared
...iology at WashingtonUniversity School of Medicine, inactivated each of the two related genes to seewhich one was critical for adhesion. Only the loss of the gene called babA2prevented the bacterium from binding to Leb. "We propose that the protein product of this gene, BabA, allows H.pylori to stick to ...At Life's Most Sensitive Stage, Embryos Cope With Stress
...ndquist said. "This stepensures that Hsp70 will be inactivated as soon as it is no longer needed."UV light, DNA damage and missing frogs Worldwide, scientists have noticed a decline in many species of amphibians.Several apparently have become extinct, yet no single cause for the losses hasbeen identified. Kiesec...3-D Structure of Human Tumor-Suppressor Protein Produced
...y shouldn’t. When this protein is missing or inactivated due to mutations in the p16tumor-suppressor gene, cancer can occur. In fact, damage to the p16 proteinis a factor in more than 70 different types of cancer. The researchers have also produced computer-generated pictures of theprotein. “This wa...Researchers Discover How Ulcer Bug Becomes Antibiotic-Resistant
...chemical into a lethal drug. When the rdxA gene is inactivated by mutation, however, H. pylori can?t break down m...ra copies of rdxA. They also specifically inactivated rdxA in H. pylori simply by insertinganother marker gene into it, thereby disrupting its DNA sequenc......te ofthe human genome. The FHIT gene is frequently inactivated early in thedevelopment of cancer, especially in lung cancer." Dr. Brenner and his co-workers sought to understand how the Fhit proteinsuppresses tumor formation. "We knew that the Fhit protein is an enzyme thatbinds and cleaves an unusual cl...Study At UNC-CH Shows Chlorinated Water Dramatically Cuts Strawberry Contamination
...es for the first time thathepatitis A virus can be inactivated on strawberries by a simple chlorinationprocedure," Sobsey said. "This will make it possible to reduce levels of thevirus and contamination from bacteria like E. coli on strawberries and probablyother produce as well and in so doing dramatically cut ...Major Risk Factor For Cervical Cancer Found
.... Theresearchers found that p53Arg is more easily inactivated by the HPV protein. This suggested that people who carry only p53Arg might be less well protectedagainst the effects of HPV. Said Dr Storey: "We found that cervical cancers resulting from HPV infectionwere significantly more likely to occur in wome...Combination Therapy For Brain Tumors Holds Promise For Longer Survival After Surgery
...unch to brain cancer cells, O'Rourke andcolleagues inactivated a common cell-surface receptor called the EpidermalGrowth Factor Receptor (or erbB for short) to arrest cell growth in humancell lines, which further sensitized the cells to radiation. This approachworks in a similar way to Herceptin, the new breast-...Scientists Find First Protein In Central Nervous System Junctions
...ain definitive proof of function, Feng and Tintrup inactivated thegephyrin gene in mice and studied the outcome. Mice that lacked both copies ofthe gene failed to cluster the glycine receptors in their spinal cord neurons.They also extended their bodies and were spastic, dying within a day of birth.These symptom...Gene Knockout Prolongs Ovarian Lifespan In Mice
...ribes howfemale mice in which a gene called Bax is inactivated do not experience thenormal loss of ovarian cells that occurs throughout the animal' lifetime. While these aged mice maintain a functioning supply of both oocytes (egg cells)and hormone-secreting granulosa cells, they do not ovulate or become pregn......he combination of somewhat shortened telomeres and inactivated telomeraseappears to be the devastating blow," said Blackburn. "The telomerase cap issomehow making a contribution to telomere - and thus chromosome - stability." The finding does not suggest that telomere length is not important to cell lifespan. R...The Origins Of Hereditary Breast Cancer -- Studies With Knock-Out Mice Reveal Underlying Mechanisms
... 'knock-out' mice because a specific gene has been inactivated (knocked-out) specifically. One fifth of the mice that had their BRCA-1 gene removed from the mammary glandcells developed a tumour within one year. The scientists noted that anothergene, the p53 gene, had also become altered in these tumours. The p5...UW-Madison team develops technique to create flu viruses
...vaccine that is also stable." Kawaoka says current inactivated flu vaccines are good, but can be improved. Live vaccines could be advantageous because they induce both cellular and antibody immune responses. They also produce immunity where it needs to be, such as the nasal cavity and respiratory tract. There m...Key developmental genes identified, linked to rare syndrome
...n which either or both of the candidate genes were inactivated or knocked out. Results of the study, led by Masa... from embryonic stem cells in which the genes were inactivated confirmed that the defects seen in the mouse embyros were the result of a lack of de novo methylatio......men have one copy. Normally in a woman, genes are inactivated on one of the X chromosomes. However, both copies of the GRPR gene are active in women. "Women may be at increased risk because they have two copies of the GRPR gene that are inducible by nicotine, whereas men only have one nicotine-induci...Researchers successfully immunize mice against aggressive cancer
...ds up the project. "If we just vaccinate mice with inactivated tumor cells, we get very little protection," Johnson said. "But if we vaccinate the mice with inactivated tumor cells and then give them superantigens, we significantly extend the survival of the mice." Sup...Mutations not the only gene defect that leads to cancer
...enes in some tumors types were inactivated by methylation. "This was surprising because it suggests that 4,000 to 5,000 genes might be deregulated (turned off) by aberrant DNA methylation in some types of tumors." ...Novel antiviral drug concept targets number of human viruses
...nhibitors. Among the strains of virus completely inactivated by the cdk inhibitors in the Penn experiments were HSV-1 and HSV-2, which chronically infect 80 percent and 20 percent of the world's population respectively and are responsible for painful oral, and genital lesions, themselves a risk factor for sexu...New Gladstone/UCSF study finds inhibiting fat synthesis results in obesity resistance in mice
...the case. In studies with mice, the researchers inactivated the gene that produces DGAT, then compared these animals with their normal cousins. They found that the DGAT-deficient mice produced less triglycerides than normal mice, but were still healthy. (A certain level of fat in body tissues is critical to......ed the new battery-powered tool to see how well it inactivated waterborne parasites, viruses and bacteria. Several alternative pen cell designs also were tested by seeding oxidant solutions generated from the pen with test microbes, including highly chlorine-resistantCryptosporidium parvum, a major source of con...