Resistance To Leptin Contributes To Obesity
...o explainsome forms of obesity that affect humans, including more than 50 millionoverweight adult Americans, th...facultymembers have made significant achievements, including the discovery thatDNA is the carrier of genetic information and the launching of thescientific field...Study Focuses On How Plants Help Toxic Pollutants Travel Around The World
...), polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons and pesticides, including DDT, travel around the world. "My primary interest is how and why concentrations of persistent organicpollutants change as a function of weather conditions," Hornbuckle said. From research she already has conducted, she added, it appe......involved are produced in cellsthroughout the body, including the brain, one question scientists would like tobe able to answer is why the aggregations occur only in selected populations ofneurons. How and why do the proteins accumulate in the nucleus, instead ofpassing back and forth into the cytoplasm across ...Second Gene Responsible For Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Identified
...isorder characterized by anumber of abnormalities, including seizures, benign tumors in several organs,and variable emotional and cognitive disabilities. The discovery, to bereported in the August 8, 1997, issue of Science* by David Kwiatkowski, M.D.,Ph.D., and colleagues at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Bo...Scientists Discover How Genes Work Together To Control Neural Development
... knowledge that could boostefforts in other areas, including cancer research. In the current issue of the journal Cell , published on August8, two teams of researchers report that they independently made the samediscovery. One team is led by Zhi-ChunLai , assistant professor of biology, biochemistry, and m...Where Fossils Fear To Tread: Scientists Follow Genes To An Ancient Ancestor
...enes in six broad divisions of the animal kingdom, including vertebrates, insects and fish. The discovery, made in Carroll's lab, was reported last May in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "We found the same mechanism in all of these divisions of the animal kingdom. The architecture...Research Team Discovers Key Gene For Telomerase Enzyme In Humans
... whose cells have a separatenucleus and cytoplasm, including humans. "It means that studies on simple organisms like yeast are relevantto the human enzyme," said Cech. Telomerase contains both RNA and protein components. The RNAportion of the enzyme binds to the DNA in the telomere while the p...Newly Discovered Human Protein Provides Important Target For Cancer Therapy
...rs), but undetectable in most normalhuman tissues, including breast, ovary, heart, brain, placenta, liver, skel...DS. Several of the most commonly used AIDS drugs, including AZT, arereverse transcriptase inhibitors. "The beauty of this finding is that we already kn...More To Drought Than Meets The Eye
...sary to conserve or withstand an absence of water, including deeproots and thick leaves that can continue to photosynthesize -- convert sunlightinto usable energy. Drought intolerant species tend to have shallow roots andshut down during drought. It is not unusual for drought-intolerant species todrop their le...No Link Seen Between Breast Cancer And Pesticides, PCB Exposure For General Population
... "These chemicals are stored in fatty tissue, including breast tissue," Moysich said. "The chief mechanism for eliminating them from breast tissue is lactation, which flushes them from the system." She said that even though the baby is exposed to these substances, the beneficial effects of breast feedin...Female Fireflies Lure Males For Defense Chemical
...of natural products out there with many chemicals, including medicinals, that we can put to use. All we have to do is look for them."...A New Biochemical Link Established Between Stress, Sex And Dominance
...dinator of sexual development for all vertebrates, including humans. Most remarkably, if a territorial fish is defeated by another territorial male and loses his status, he loses the symbols of status as well. The colors and eyepatch fade, the GnRH cells in the brain shrink and so do the gonads. "In our lab, ...Experts: Public Will Accept Irradiation In Wake Of Meat Recall
...son Foods recall of 25 million pounds of red meat, including hamburger patties, that may have been contaminated with E. coli, a microorganism that can cause illness and even death in those who consume it. A 1993 E. coli outbreak in the Pacific Northwest, in which hundreds of people were sickened and half a do...Researchers To Investigate Years Before Menopause
...s typical for women to experience variable cycles, including very long cycles when approaching menopause. The patterns of perimenopause vary among women in ways that are poorly understood. "Some women experience irregularity for only a short time before they stop menstruating forever," says Wo...E. Coli Genome Reported: Milestone Of Modern Biology Emerges From Wisconsin Lab
... considerable human effort. More than 269 people - including many undergraduates getting their first taste of science - participated in the project at the UW-Madison. The individual chemical bases that make up the genome correspond to theletters of the genetic alphabet which, grouped into words and paragraphsc...MGH-Led Team Finds Gene For Crippling Neurologic Disorder
...roteins/proteases help cells recover from stresses including heat, traumatic injury and chemical poisoning. Un...tions bring on a variety of neurological diseases, including this one," says Breakefield. She explains that only 30 percent of those inheriting the DYT1 gene mu...Finished Your Lunch? Now Eat The Wrapper
...tected the bowel againstcancer and other diseases, including diarrhoea and constipation. Resultsin human research are equally promising. Modern Australians eat only about half as much starch as they need, largelybecause modern diets exclude it. In pre-industrial societies, where peopleate far more starch, bow...Basin Traps Air Pollution In Mexico City: International Study Has Implications For U.S. Cities
...Research Instituteand several Mexican institutions including the Mexican Petroleum Institute andthe University of Mexico. Scientists at four sites around the basin released radiosondes --balloons with sensors to measure temperature, pressure and humidity -- into theatmosphere five times a day beginning...Lethal Parasite Prime Suspect In Fish Kills At Salton Sea
...e death of more than 14,000 fish-eating birds including 1,400 endangered California brown pelicans and 10-...ed in fish-eating birds. Over 605 carcasses including 234 gulls, 138 brown and white pelicans, and 135 herons and egrets were picked up. Again, ...Low Oxygen, Key To Fetal Development, Also Offers Cancer Clues
...tal development. A few clinical ultrasoundstudies, including some at Rochester under the direction ofobstetrician Richard Jaffe, have indicated that low oxygen levelsplay an important role in the first trimester, so Fisher decidedto measure the effects of hypoxia on the developing placenta, thestructure in mam...