Northwestern Scientists Discover How Herpes Simplex Virus Infects Cells
...ate in Spear's laboratory, cloned ahuman gene that induces production of a protein that allows herpes simplexvirus to penetrate into lymphocytes. Morgyn Warner and Brian Lum, othermembers of Spear's research group, also contributed to this work. Ongoingresearch in Spear's laboratory is directed toward identi...Scientists Discover How Genes Work Together To Control Neural Development
...the signal-transduction pathwayis activated, which induces the production of proteins that somehow getrid of Tramtrack." With that discovery pointing the way, Lai, Carthew,and their research team began a search to discover exactly which proteinswere responsible for destroying Tramtrack. The researchers gen...Bowman Gray Scientists Find Novel Way To Block AIDS Virus
...f patients with HIV-1, Chen said, "such anapproach induces toxic side effects, selects for resistant mutants, and isunlikely to completely eliminate HIV-1 from infected individuals." Chen said, "A strategy of genetic modification of host cells, thelymphocytes or stem cells, for resistance to HIV-1 in......lity to defend against the infection, Vpr actively induces apoptosis inneighboring immune system cells that have not yet been infected, known as CD4 Tcells. It also interferes with the ability of those cells to proliferate. Thenew findings appear in the October issue of Nature Medicine. "In the test ...Memorial Sloan-Kettering Investigators
... which may be turned off in leukemia. The drug duo induces leukemiacells to mature and behave like normal, healthy blood cells. This finding, thefirst evidence supporting a new approach called "transcription therapy," mayhave broad implications for improving the treatment of other types of cancerthat arise a......ace="Symbol">a is the major cytokine that induces protective inflammatory reactions against bacteria such as Salmonella and kills tumor cells, but also causes severe tissue damage when produced in excess such as in rheumatoid arthritis, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, organ fai...Retinoic Acid Used In Cancer Treatment
...ts of oncogenes, the mutated genetic material that induces cancer, says Andrew Yen, a professor of pathology and director of one of the Cancer Biology Laboratories in Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine. The finding, which to date has been restricted to the test-tube level, could lea...Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Share Tetrameric Structure With The Voltage GatedPotassium Channel
...leased by the neighboring nerve cell, the receptor induces a current flow into the receiving nerve by opening a pore within the receptor. The core receptor is thought to be formed by assembly of five proteins, as is assumed for all neurotransmitter activated receptors. ...Body Building: Tissue Engineered Organs A Heartbeat Away
...tes) or implanting material in the body which then induces a specificresponse such as tissue regeneration (used to induce the formation of new bloodvessels). Sefton estimates the project will require billions of dollars in funding over 10years. "We're hoping the scope and possibilities of this project will c...Atmospheric Chemistry -- A Mysterious Isotope Effect In A Well-Known AtmosphericPollutant Discovered
...pendent fractionation in thereaction of CO with OH induces a clear isotope signal for the degree to which COhas been exposed to the removal reaction by OH. Thus, better insight into theatmospheric budget of CO, and a better understanding of the OH distribution inthe atmosphere may be obtained. Besides these...Diabetes Drug And Accutane Block Breast Cancer Cell Growth, Cedars-Sinai Researchers Find
... levels, itprevents cell death. At low levels, it induces cell death. "When exposed tothe two-drug combination, cancer cells express almost undetectable levels ofbcl-2," Dr. Koeffler said. Since results of the in vitro (laboratory) and animal experiments weresuccessful, preliminary research has be...Molecular Circuit Breaker Can Prevent Runaway Cell Growth
...mage to a cell's DNA can signala p53 response that induces cell suicide, these researchers have concluded thatARF sends an alternative signal that does not rely upon DNA damage. However, theARF pathway can also act hand in hand with the DNA damage pathway in triggeringp53-induced cell suicide. According to b......Sonic hedgehog. Once formed, the floor plate then induces motor neurons to develop on either side (motor neurons will ultimately relay information between the spinal cord and muscles). The challenge The Nature paper poses challenges to both the timing of floor plate induction and the central role of Hedge......e data show that liver ischemia/reperfusion injury induces acaspase-dependent apoptosis in endothelial cells. Now that we have identifiedwhich caspase is involved and which cell type is affected, we have the potentialto develop therapies to intervene in the process and provide recipients withhealthier livers...Novel Viral Vaccine Protects Aids In Animal Model
...Svaccines have been based on the SIV system, which induces an infection anddisease quite differently than tha...attenuated virus retains the ability to infect and induces an immuneresponse that protects against future exposure to KU-SHIV-1. In the studyreported by Naraya...Scientists Find First Protein In Central Nervous System Junctions
...trychnine, which is commonly used as a rat poison, induces spastic paralysis byblocking receptors for glycine. People with faulty glycine receptors areextremely sick because of excessive contraction of their muscles. For the past 20 years, Sanes has studied the synapse between nerve cellsand muscle, ......esults from Dr. Dillon's laboratory showthat light induces the formation of free radicals from these two pigments. Theinterconversion of the two forms of A2E could generate free radicals, whichcould then react with cellular components, rendering them useless. Researchers in the laboratory of Dr. Spa...Scientists Show For The First Time How Leprosy Bug Targets Peripheral Nerves
...l nervous system in humans,and the nerve damage it induces is by far the leading cause of peripheral nervedisease in the world. Characterized by a long incubation period-up to fiveyears-leprosy damages peripheral nerves and muscle. However, the prominentclinical manifestation of leprosy is nerve damage, whic......cess may come to resemble a wart that never really induces an immune responsenor is readily reached by immune effector mechanisms," the authors say. Elaborating on both of their work, the two authors identify four closelylinked steps required for completely successful organ engraftment. The processb......treated with a genetically engineered therapy that induces the growth of new blood vessels to and from the heart. These new vessels would help restore blood flow to the hearts of people whose arteries are obstructed by fat-laden plaque. By impeding blood flow, these fatty obstructions can cause severe ches...