UNC-CH 'Groucho' Research Offers Insights Into How Embryo, Cancer Cells Communicate
...proteins and another family of proteins called Tcf interact to represscells' internal signaling activity. That activity determines which genes areturned on, thus selecting what internal machinery cells will make. Normally, theprocess then informs cells what their role in life will be -- whether they willbecom......ue and analyzebelow-ground organisms, see how they interact and determine how this affects thehealth of both soil and surface ecosystems, answering the questions of how humanactivities above-ground influence biodiversity below ground and what theconsequences are of that change in biodiversity? "I thin...Subterranean Mapping Method Will Find Homes For Pollution-Eating Bacteria
...esearchers need a greaterunderstanding of how they interact with their environment. Measuring available surfac...microbes, but contaminants and bacterial nutrients interact withit in various ways. Microbes that travel through the ground--and potentiallyremediate soil cont......udy in alcohol research and that drugs designed to interact withcomponents of the neuropeptide Y signaling system may someday be useful inhelping individuals control their alcohol consumption." To measure the effects of NYP levels on alcohol consumption in mice, theUW scientists set up a regimen in wh...New "Bacteria Bashers" Wipe Out Infection
...al membranes are negatively charged. The peptides interact only with the negatively charged membranes but not with the neutral charge found on the surface of regular body cells. The new materials have been shown to work in a test tube, and will soon be tested in laboratory animals. They are being developed ...New Discovery Is Potential Key To Obesity Treatment
...viousresearch by other groups shows two genes that interact with AGRP in thispathway (those for alpha-MSH and the melanocortin-4 receptor) are mutated insome obese humans. A number of other genes such as leptin appear to be related to obesity. However, now that the mechanism of action of purified AGRP is...Purdue Study Breathes New Life Into Question Of How Life Began
...les. "Self replication would occur if proteins interact with peptide fragments tocreate an identical copy ...," Chmielewski says. "For example, proteinAB might interact with peptide A and peptide B and then catalyze to form a newAB protein. In cross replication, th...Scientists Show For The First Time How Leprosy Bug Targets Peripheral Nerves
... uses the laminin-2-dystroglycan complex linkageto interact with the peripheral nervous system. The scientists also found thatM. leprae uses a cell binding area of laminin-2, called the G domain, to attackthe Schwann cells. "The G domain of laminin-2 bridges the bacterium to the alpha-dystroglycanreceptor, so...Professor Authors Complete Guide To Fungi
...ng hisability to teach students how microorganisms interact with plants, and how fungiand mold have impacted social and political structure throughout the course ofhistory, making the subject matter come alive. The fascinating course is now a 248-page book with 14 chapters, on such topicsas medicinal molds, y...Antibody Revolution Targets STDs, Stomach Viruses, Common Cold
...na, and the nose, which are evolved by the body to interact safely with theexternal environment. Specifically, scientists are targeting the respiratory,gastrointestinal and genital/urinary tracts, where most pathogens are initiallytransmitted. The scientists herald these new advances in biotechnolo...Experimental Therapy Makes HIV-Infected Cells Commit Suicide
...ith a fist," Dowdy says. When small drugs interact with cellular targets, they attach only to one part of the protein's surface and often latch onto several other proteins nonspecifically. Larger proteins fit only onto the molecules for which they were designed, could be given in substantially lower ...Serotonin May Be Better Target For Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment
...ers believedthat Ritalin® and other stimulants interact with the dopamine transporterprotein (DAT), a hous...fect," says Caron. To test whether the stimulants interact with dopamine through anothermechanism, the researchers administered Ritalin® to the normal and ...Technique Measures Muscle Contraction At Molecular Level
...onentsof muscle -- proteins of myosin and actin -- interact to create movement. "Myosin is a little molecular motor that converts chemical energy intomechanical motion," said Paul Selvin, aprofessor of physics at the U. of I. "To do this, there are tiny myosin headsthat stick out and grab the actin.Muscle con...UCSF Researchers Pinpoint Molecule That Triggers Deadly Progress Of Pulmonary Fibrosis
... researchers also discovered that theintegrin must interact with parts of a cell's rigid internal scaffolding, knownas the cytoskleton, before it can activate TGF Beta. Their research supports amodel of the multi-step process in which one part of the integrin molecule firstbinds to the protein complex that in......vered that cells bearing the CD4 receptorsometimes interact with neighboring cells that lack the CD4 receptor but do beara "co-receptor," or secondary loading site, such as CCR5 or CXCR4. Together,these proteins create a receptor complex that HIV recognizes as a single unit. "This so-called `trans' mechanism ...UD Valentine Science: Cell "Dating" Habits May Promise Healthier Hearts
...Two PAM-1 molecules on two different proteins will interact with each other,"Naik says. "This is called a homophilic interaction. I have found blobs of thesePAM-1 molecules where two cells are attached." The glue-like molecules are expressed by heart, endothelial, lung, kidney,pancreas and other cells, accord...Molecular Control Mechanism Of Embryonic Development Unraveled
...ve determinedthe precise way in which the proteins interact with one another to control development. Pbx1, by ...proteins, says Wolberger. "Understanding how they interact with partner proteins such as Pbx1 and with DNA is key to knowledge of the mechanism by which a deve...Researchers Find How Two Cancer Genes Interact To Cause Malignancy
...er have discoveredhow two cancer-causing genes can interact to transform normal cells intocancerous cells, adding further insight into the long-held theory that cancersrequire mutations in multiple genes. In a paper published in the Feb. 26 issue of Molecular Cell, geneticist JosephNevins and his colleagues r...Better Binding Through Chemistry
...have shown that both members of an antigen-MHC duo interact with theT-cell receptor. "In fact, the antigen by itself has no affinity for the T-cell receptor, butwhen it's held by MHC, it has a very, very high affinity interaction," saidCrabtree. "So, it's the presenting molecule that gives the high affinity....Heavy Traffic At The Nuclear Pore: How Proteins And RNA Leave The Cell Nucleus
...l structure when it binds GTP such that it can now interact withRanBD. This structural arrangement of the two proteins gives an idea about themolecular function of RanBD: it takes a large portion of the Ran protein andwraps it around itself in what the authors have called a "molecular embrace"(Fig.2). This wr...