NASA satellite tracks hazardous smoke and smog partnership
...t occurred because the pollutants werein different layers of the atmosphere. Heavier smokeparticles stayed close to the region of the fires while smogmoved more quickly and spread over a large area. "Typically,smog is seen coming from Africa because much more burningoccurs there, but in 1997 the Indonesian ...UCSF studies illuminate possible new landscape for targeting cancer
...'re seeing for the first time that there are these layers of hierarchies or events involved. In these two studies we've highlighted just one that alters the tumor micro-environment." -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the skin carcinoma stu...Disconnect between skin cells implicated in common skin cancer
...racteristic cell shapes of each of the skin's four layers were distorted, making it hard to tell where one layer ended and another began. The knockout keratinocytes of the skin showed a number of aberrant signs frequently associated with cancers. "Loss of alpha-catenin alone seemed to cause at least a parti...Atmospheric aerosols impact on smog formation being reassessed
...te of certain smog-forming reactions in the lowest layers of the troposphere, while sometimes enhancing their rates in the higher layers." Vuilleumier, Harley, Brown and colleagues used the SCOS 97 measurements of solar ultraviolet irradiance, taken at two stations in Riverside and Mount Wilson, to compute ...Scientist searches Yellowstone Park for carbon dioxide-eating microbe
...o improve their ability to look, they find greater layers of complexity in the microbial community, she said. When Cooksey finds some likely candidates, he'll isolate them and describe them scientifically. The plan is to grow them on plastic sanding discs in a layer of slime called biofilm. Oak Ridge Nati...USGS issues alert for deadly disease in birds
... the spaces are caused by separation of the myelin layers that surround and protect the nerves. Affected birds may fly erratically or not be able to fly at all. They may crash land, swim tipped to one side with one or both legs or wings extended, or may be in the water on their back with feet in the air. O......ity. Because shells grow as the animal secrets new layers of material, the scientists could measure life span of long dead clams by counting the seasonal oxygen isotope cycles in the shell (In the spring, water from snow melt has fewer isotopes.). They learned that the average clam lived three years; so in ...Ancient South African soils point to early terrestrial life
...d as seams between fine-grained and coarse-grained layers of quartz. "These features suggest that the organic matter in the uppermost soil zone is an indigenous remnant of microbial mats that developed on the surface of clay-rich soil during the rainy season," says Ohmoto. "The mats were blanketed by aer...Unprecedented fire season in southern Africa aids air quality, climate change research
...d several surprises. Aircraft encountered puzzling layers of extremely clean air sandwiched between polluted layers. "The pollution in the region is often very stratified with height in the atmosphere," says Peter Hobbs of the University of Washington, principal investigator for the experiments onboard...December Geology and GSA Today highlights
...oup, South Africa. Bruce M. Simonson et al. Thin layers rich in sand-size spherules of former silicate mel...mations in Western Australia and South Africa. The layers range in age from roughly 2.63 to 2.49 billion years old and have all been interpreted as reworked e...Chance discovery of 'immortal skin' holds medical promise
...fmann says the cells grow into distinct stratified layers to become essentially no different from normal skin. "That was the really big finding in all this, the critical piece of information we needed to prove," she says. "These cells proved to be incredibly normal." The unique tissue is comprised entirely ...November GEOLOGY and GSA TODAY highlights
...ong Archean sedimentary strata in the form of thin layers rich in distinctive sand-size spherules of former silicate melt. Around ten spherule-rich layers that range in age from ca. 2.5 to 3.4 billion years old have now been identified. All of them appear...Cellular membrane changes associated with acclimation to cold
...sisting of proteins and carbohydrates suspended in layers of lipids made up of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The purpose of the ER in the cell is to assist in the production of proteins, lipids, and other elements needed for cell metabolism. The saturated fatty acids of the membrane are like baco...New evidence indicates huge vegetation loss accompanied mass extinction
...or changes in river systems. Probing sedimentary layers in the Karoo Basin of South Africa, the scientists...ept. 8 issue of the journal Science. Sedimentary layers from the Permo-Triassic boundary were examined at seven different sites scattered across 250 miles o...Microscopic bone evidence supports dinosaur-bird evolution link
...ular structure in both birds and coelurosaurs. The layers are thicker in some places and much thinner in oth...on from one part of a layer to another because the layers are growing more slowly. "Right now, the thing that is closest to what we see in the bones of birds ...Reefs and atolls of the Australian outback
...w the usual fine layers, but a succession of thick layers with a clotted texture. They resemble calcareous bacteria well known from later times. These bacteria were colonial, growing as "shrubs" anchored to the sea floor or hanging like branches from rocky outcrops. The Enorama reefs are built of stromatol...UC Davis expert identifies oak-tree killer and warns public to use caution
...ymes that dissolve the dead outer and living inner layers of bark. Oozing sores result as the cell walls break down. As the disease progresses past the bark and into the wood, the tree becomes so weak that it is vulnerable to bark beetles, which burrow into the tree and kill it by blocking its circulatory s...Study: fertilized lakes less stable than previously thought
...e present, and how abundant they were, in sediment layers for every year from 1943 to 1990. Humans contribute to fertilization of lakes in a number of ways. Agricultural run-off is a major source of nutrients, but the burning of fossil fuels also contributes to the problem, since nitrates released into t...Desktop biofactories? New microrobots might manipulate single cells, Science authors report
...rink and swell on command. The researchers combine layers of gold and polypyrrole, then use electricity to manipulate contractions of the polymer. To make the microrobot grab a glass bead, for instance, researchers plump up the polymer by drawing positively charged ions, called cations, away from an electro...