Genetic Trickery Offers New Way to Target HIV
...scriptase to begin copying at the wrong spot. Just like a typist whose fingers are off by one key, the res...fected cells, and reverse transcriptase inhibitors like AZT and Nevirapine prevent the virus from replicating withincells. The new work involves a third app...Cricket And Chemistry Combine To Provide New Understanding Of How Fats Work
...eplace one or more of the three long cricket stump like chains of a fat, and thus influence the quality and performance of that fat. These effects however have been found by long and expensive trial and error processes and industrial chemists are still unsure how or why they work. Dr Oliver Howarth and ...Two Parasitic Wasps Show Promise For Controlling Pest Flies
...her livestock and adversely affectproduction, and, like house flies, are a public health problem among humans. Researchers from the University of Illinois collected fly pupae frommanure, spilled feed, along fence lines, near water sources and waste pilesof straw and hay at feedlots. The scientists then ...Scientists Bridge Gap In Cell Communication
... on the very root of genetically-mediated diseases like some cancers. "We've found a mechanism that is really important," said Sean Carroll, a co-author of the study and a molecular biologist at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at UW-Madison. "The universe of genes regulated by this pathway is...Stopping "Cellular Suicide" Could Boost Production In Biotech Labs
...lead longer, more productive lives. "Ideally, we'd like to extend the lifetime of these cells andincreasetheir efficiency in making biotech products that save people'slives," saysBetenbaugh, an associate professor in the Department of ChemicalEngineering. His research has important implications. If scient......earch Institute. Regulating these traits would be like trying toregulate the human immune system without knowledge of the genetic informationinvolved. Since all plants are resistant to some pests, the term "plant-pesticide"implies that all plants contain pesticides and therefore, so does food mad...UW Smogmobile Offers Cleaner, Safer Alternative To Gas Or Electric Cars
...d energy increases in these batteries, they become like bombs and could do a lot of damage in a traffic ac...ding sufficient pressure to turn an air motor much like pressure from burning gasoline drives an internal combustion engine. One major difference, however, ......including the brain, one question scientists would like tobe able to answer is why the aggregations occur only in selected populations ofneurons. How and why do the proteins accumulate in the nucleus, instead ofpassing back and forth into the cytoplasm across the nuclear membrane? How isthe mutant protein...Huntington's Disease Findings Pave Way For Potential Cure
...is normal, the protein isswimming in the cytoplasm like Odysseus sailing in his boat," she explains. "Hehears the siren song of Circe and ends up marooned in the nucleus instead ofgoing home." Dr. Wexler is "ecstatic" about these findings and optimistic that theywill lead researchers in the dire...Evolution Re-Sculpted Animal Limbs By Genetic Switches Once Thought Too Drastic For Survival
...rst few thoracicsegments have appendages that look like those of the head. These maxillipeds arenot just misplaced jaw parts but have new capabilities because they are attachedto the powerful muscles and the nervous system of the thorax. Crustaceans thathave them include the decapods--shrimp and lobsters ...New Gene May Intensify Breast Cancer Growth
...cancer cell thattransmits the signal from steroids like estrogen that says 'grow,'" Meltzersaid. "It gives us a important new window into the cell biology of breast cancerthat emphasizes the importance of this particular kind of gene to the growth ofcancer cells in a significant number of patients. And th...Where Fossils Fear To Tread: Scientists Follow Genes To An Ancient Ancestor
...ted the Earth," at that time Carroll said. "It was like an arms race" with animals that could swim faster,...ting the ocean environment and conquering new ones like the land. During the Cambrian, animals got bigger and more diverse, but those changes did not requir...Research Team Discovers Key Gene For Telomerase Enzyme In Humans
... "It means that studies on simple organisms like yeast are relevantto the human enzyme," said Cech. Telomerase contains both RNA and protein components. The RNAportion of the enzyme binds to the DNA in the telomere while the proteincomponent lures DNA subunits into the region and attaches t...Progress In Prion Research: Three-Dimensional Structure Of Prion Protein Fully Uncovered
...rmal prion protein this part ismobile and attached like a flexible tail to the structure described a year .... In the normal prion proteinthis part is attached like a flexible tail to the structure described a yearago, the so-called C-terminal domain PrP(121-231). ...Oak Regeneration In Some Ohio Forests Is Failing, Researchers Find
...entially kills back thin-barked saplingsof species like maple, which is one of oak's competitors in the forests we arestudying," McCarthy says. "Repeated fires might provide oak with a window ofopportunity in which it has the competitive upper hand. If the oaks can getahead of the maples in the midstory o...E. Coli Genome Reported: Milestone Of Modern Biology Emerges From Wisconsin Lab
...ifs, first elucidated using simple model organisms like bacteria, yeast, worms and flies. By decoding the human genome, scientists can begin to decipher the genetic aspects of all disease, leading to improved treatments and even cures. The NHGRI, a component of NIH, is a major partner in the Human Geno...MGH-Led Team Finds Gene For Crippling Neurologic Disorder
...h team. "In contrast to other movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, there is no visible evidence of damage to the brain and no truly effective drug treatment. Only after identifying the responsible gene and then determining the function of its protein can we understand exactly how this disease p...Study Sheds Light On Behavior Of Middle-Age 'Undertaker' Bees
...o a little bit less of the other middle-agedtasks, like building the comb and storing food brought in by older foragers. They also remove debris, which fits in nicely with undertaking." Undertakers also develop slightly faster than other midde-aged bees,moving on to foraging before food storers and hive ...Trojan Horse Virus Controls Hiv Infection
...ally, the remodeled shell of VSV -- which nowlooks like an uninfected T cell -- tricks HIV-infected cells ...But he regards it as"likely to be safe," and would like to see the concept tested in human clinicaltrials as soon as possible. Such discussions are already...... high temperatures and in high saline conditions, like those currently present at the Salton Sea, it is expected that massive and lethal infestations can develop rapidly. Now that the parasite is present in the Salton Sea, and is able to reproduce without control, persistent, ...