Mouse with iron disorder offers clues to Parkinson's, similar diseases
... For this reason, cells have intricate biochemical machinery to prevent iron from building up to lethal levels. Like its sister protein, iron regulatory protein 1, IRP 2 governs the actions of various other proteins involved in iron metabolism. These include transferrin receptor, which transports iron into t...Novel route to lupus-like disease in mice
...sues should give further insight into the role and machinery of glycosylation, he said. The clinical implications of the discovery of the effects of knocking out the a -mannosidase II gene are unclear, said Marth. "We dont know if there are examples of human systemic autoimmune disease and lupus out there ...Wistar scientists add difficult-to-sequence stretches to human genome data
...fessor at The Wistar Institute. "When the cellular machinery that maintains telomeres becomes damaged, a cell fails to divide properly, which is one of the hallmarks of cancer." In addition to cell division, telomeric DNA mediates many important biological activities, such as cellular aging, movement and loca...The future belongs to proteomics
...because basic discoveries about the cell's protein machinery will likely yield rapid clinical applications. "My guess is that the pathway of a new proteomic-based diagnostic or treatment from the academic laboratory to prototype to engineering to commercial application will be rapid and will continue to shrin...Human genome analysis hints at new proteins involved in gene expression
...also found evidence that the human gene expression machinery is more complex than that of lower animals. This discovery suggests that the more sophisticated machinery for translating genetic information "may be particularly important for shaping human development and...Genome project opens the book on human evolution
...s contain splicing sites--places where the editing machinery of the cell cuts genes for translation into proteins--new proteins may be created as the coding regions of the old gene are reshuffled, elongated or truncated. The location and distribution of the human repetitive elements may hint at their role in g...Mouse gene trap helps decipher brain's wiring diagram
...angled trillions of neural connections -- just the machinery involved in wiring up the brain during early development. NIMH grantee Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Ph.D., Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and collaborator William Skarnes, Ph.D., University of Ca...Scientists find great-granddaddy of enzyme family
... cells. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, powers the machinery of cells by releasing energy when its phosphate chemical bond is broken. A study of the structure of an acetate kinase, an enzyme used in converting organic matter to methane, indicates that the enzyme may be the primordial, or earliest, protein to u...A worm is more like a human than previously thought
...search shows that nature uses the same fundamental machinery to create vastly different creatures. "We found th...n internal skeleton, said Rothman. And because the machinery is the same, it may be possible to learn about the causes of many human birth defects by examining h...Researchers link failed cell division, Alzheimer's disease
...ts surrounding cell structures. Normally, the cell machinery expects two copies of a given gene, but in Alzheimer's disease there are four because the DNA is replicated. Since the cell hasn't divided it is sitting with twice as much DNA as it should have. We speculate that is the root cause of the nerve cell d...Key mechanics of cell membrane fusion revealed
...The model, which apparently mimics the biochemical machinery of fusion in mammalian nerve membranes, offers res...d other viruses. These viruses use membrane fusion machinery to enter cells. A report of the study appears in the April 10 issue of the journal Biochemistry. It......found that the factories are assembled by cellular machinery that was originally designed to gather together unfolded proteins into a kind of cellular garbage dump. Thomas Wileman (Institute for Animal Health, Surrey, England) and colleagues report in the April 30 issue of The Journal of Cell Biology that v...Understanding lens development
...r, Sox2, as a necessary component of the molecular machinery that drives normal lens development. It is in this paper that Dr. Kondoh and colleagues synthesize the action of these two transcription factors. Dr. Kondoh and colleagues determined that Pax6 binds Sox2 on a specific sequence of a lens-specific crys...Visualizing protein synthesis in living neurons
...s."There was early evidence that protein-synthesis machinery was present indendrites," said Schuman. "Those findings were intriguing because they impliedthat dendrites had the capacity to make their own proteins." The idea that dendrites should beable to synthesize proteins made sense to Schuman and others be...Structural studies reveal how potassium channels are inactivated
...gates are the means by which the channel's control machinery can quickly slam the channel shut to halt the flow of potassium ions. A question arose about whether the inactivation gate could fit through a side window to plug the pore. According to MacKinnon, the earliest work on ion channels suggested that the...Study uncovers structure of key molecule responsible for clearing drugs from the body
... like an electric switch, PXR turns on and off the machinery that metabolizes more than half of all drugs used and for that reason is critically important to human health. Interactions involving the regulator molecule, scientifically known as a nuclear receptor, have led to so-called "St. John's wort babies"...Scientists decipher "fail-safe" system that limits gene copying in cells
...usive. "We knew of several potential ways the cell machinery might prevent inappropriate re-replication, but we were repeatedly frustrated in attempts to show that any of them were actually involved," said Joachim Li, PhD, UCSF assistant professor of microbiology and immunology and senior author on the Nature ...Research team unlocks secrets of the firefly flash
...ther, these findings suggest how the flash control machinery may work. Normally, the firefly's lantern is turned off and the photocytes are dark. Oxygen moving into the photocytes is continuously consumed by millions of tiny, respiring mitochondria. These mitochondria not only provide energy for all cellular ...Benefits from Alzheimer's plaque-producing reaction? Science study proposes role in gene expression
...ription requires a complex assortment of molecular machinery to unzip the DNA double helix and assemble a corresponding RNA chain. Certain molecules must bind to the "start" section of the gene's DNA sequence, and help provide a hookup to the rest of the transcription machinery. The Science authors found t...