Report supports sustainable food production
...are many and far-reaching. For example, heavy farm machinery degrades soil health and poor farming practices deplete soil fertility, excessive fertilizer and pesticide use pollutes waterways, and monocropping (growing the same crop over hundreds of acres) diminishes biodiversity. Not only is the environment d...Researchers develop first oral drug to treat smallpox infection
...s a modified cidofovir that exploits the cells own machinery to get in more effectively. HDP-CDV was developed by Karl Y. Hostetler, M.D., director, Endocrine and Metabolism Clinic, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and UCSD professor of medicine, and James Beadle, Ph.D., VASDHS and UCSD research p...New protein plays espionage role in bacterial attack on plants
...bacterial pathogens target a host plants molecular machinery to make it more hospitable, even beneficial, to it... that RIN4 is part of an as yet undefined cellular machinery that is protected by RPM1. When type III effectors are inside the cell, a phosphate is added to RIN4...Researchers discover new mechanism that targets and destroys abnormal RNA
...e of mRNA as an information-carrying molecule, the machinery that regulates mRNA levels and destroys faulty mRN...id experiments that revealed the specific cellular machinery that produces nonstop decay. According to Parker, those experiments showed that a multi-enzyme compl...Traits link viruses from common cold to HIV
... and pass along their genes using the reproductive machinery of the cells they invade to make virions, infectio...Ahlquist explains. "It is used by normal cellular machinery as a template to synthesize viral proteins, and by virus-induced machinery as a template to replicat...Unexpected links found between many RNA viruses
...heir studies revealed that this [+]RNA replication machinery strongly paralleled that for retroviruses. In retr...troviral replication takes place. This replication machinery is triggered by an RNA packaging signal that parallels the action of the signal in BMV. These same p...Epstein-Barr virus mechanism for long-term survival discovered
...re DNA replication begins and signals the cellular machinery to replicate the viral genome at the precise moment that the cellular genome replicates. They believed that EBNA1 didn't work alone, however. Rather, they believed that it worked with one or more cellular proteins to initiate viral DNA replication an...Scientists find they can tap gene-silencing process to reveal parts of genetic machinery
... can be exploited to rapidly identify parts of the machinery that make RNAi work. With further research, the fi...d. Since only a few pieces of the RNA interference machinery are known right now, we can use this method to identify more pieces of the mechanism. Once that ...Scientists document water molecule movement across cell walls
...aves stand sturdily, for example. In mammals, the machinery processes water efficiently to help maintain optimum health. A breakdown in human kidneys, the busiest water-handling organ with 400 liters being pumped through daily, leads to diabetes insipidus, in which water is not reabsorbed and abnormally larg...Scientists discuss microbial pathogenesis in era of bioterrorism, drug resistance
... host's cell cytoplasm, subverting the cell's life machinery by mimicking normal protein activity in the cell, in some cases representing the result of what he calls "extensive molecular tinkering and convergent evolution."...Molecular 'motor' drives rotavirus replication
...aps the central piece around which the replication machinery of the virus is constructed. That machinery makes one strand of RNA, which provides a template to make a matching strand resulting in the produ...A possible new way to block HIV infection of healthy cells discovered
...ogether to let HIV bond and insert its replicating machinery into cells. Only in rare cases and never involving membrane-class proteins have reverse-chirality peptides bound at identical receptors. We didnt have any expectation that our synthesized peptide would bind to the CXCR4 receptor, Huang said. If y...Can we enlist substitute genes to fight muscular dystrophy
...lled GABP /, attracts the cellular machinery responsible for transcribing genes into proteins. The utrophin protein bears many functional similarities to dystrophin, although it is expressed in more types of cell tissue. At the neuromuscular junction, the two proteins work as part of the comp...Three-D images shed light on first steps of RNA synthesis
...nal images of the initiating form of the molecular machinery in bacteria that "transcribes" genetic information...o treat bacterial infections. The DNA-transcribing machinery is called the RNA polymerase (RNAP). The RNAP comprises a core enzyme, which can synthesize RNA from...'Rock-paper-scissors' preserves biodiversity in bacterial neighborhoods
...y avoid the metabolic cost of carrying the genetic machinery to encode the toxin. The result? Colicin-sensitive bacteria displace colicin-resistant ones; colicin-resistant bacteria displace colicin producers; and colicin producers displace colicin-sensitive bacteria. "[The community] satisfies a rock-paper-sci...New signaling pathway found, may be linked to movement disorders
...e cells. "This tells us that FGF14 recognizes the machinery that transports material down the axon to the area of the synapse, where nerve impulses jump from one neuron to the next," says Ornitz. What it does at the synapse is a question Ornitz plans to investigate next. He speculates that FGF14 could signal...Making sense of Marfan syndrome
...n in FBN1 exon 51 that causes the nuclear splicing machinery to skip exon 51 entirely. Skipping exon 51 is problematic, though, as exon 51-skipped fibrillin proteins have compromised function because the region encoded by exon 51 is critical for normal fibrillin protein activity. Dr. Beemon and colleagues de...New technique shows how cells interpret genetic information
...om floor, so to speak, spliced out by the cellular machinery that turns genetic code into functional proteins. ...n up and spread out, and there is a whole cellular machinery involved in patching it together so that the code makes sense. This splicing process gives the cell ...Carbon nanotubes found to fluoresce
..."wet" nanotechnology -- the molecular, biochemical machinery of life -- and "dry," insoluble nanomaterials like fullerenes. Toward that end, Smalley's lab has churned out dozens of varieties of soluble fullerenes by wrapping nanotubes in various polymers, including proteins, starches and DNA. In the fluorescen......ermine the nature of the protein that the cellular machinery produces from the code contained in the EMS1 gene, and to speculate on its function. They found that the EMS1 protein has three parts--one part that extends outside the surface of the cell membrane, another part that extends into the interior of the...