From Corn Rootworms To Art, Cornell's Reactor Is At The Core
...ies will be useful for determining optimum cleanup methods for oil spills. "You can see the water and oil diffusing into the sand," Cady said. Neither X-rays nor neutrons can readily see the difference between water and oil, he explained. With neutron radiography, however, there is the potential for distin...NADC Examines TB In Cattle and Swine
...ng in the three countries are preparedby different methods and from different strains of the bacterium Mycobacteriumbovis . The researchers compared tuberculins from each country to determineif there is a need to standardize the tuberculins used in North America. Cattle from a herd with bovine tuberculosis......ant to be skipped when themessage is read. Earlier methods for decidingwhat is advertising and what isstory depended on statistics. "Tocontinue the magazine analogy, itis something like going throughback issues of the magazine andfinding that human-gene 'stories'are less likely to contain phrasessuch as 'For......ded by the National Institutes of Health. Previous methods of analysis at this level, such as laser detectors, are useful only if the researcher knows what to look for. "But if you start without knowing anything about what's in a single cell, you need mass spectrometry," McLafferty said. "We don't even nee...Plants Have Future As Environmental Clean-Up Agents
...sed bioremediation is cheaper thenmore traditional methods of clean-up such as pumping and treating orexcavation, according to Larry Erickson, professor of chemicalengineering. "I would say society is going to save many millions of dollars,"he said. "We're finding the use of vegetation has use in a number o...Two Long-sought Diabetes Gene Found
...nd other relatives of those with diabetes and test methods to prevent the disease in those with a genetic propensity to it." The two genes each cause a form of non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) known as maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). MODY affects an estimated one percent to 18 percent of t...Fast Measurement Technique Reveals Early Steps In Protein Folding
... a few microseconds. "Unlike slower spectroscopic methods that are limited in time resolution,our technique can identify events occurring within nanoseconds," saidMartin Gruebele, a professor of chemistry and a researcher at the BeckmanInstitute for Advanced Science and Technology. "We are able to witnessth...Pinpoint Gene Control Holds Promise For Nervous System Studies
...derstand how thebrain works, we must study it with methods that don't damagecellular connections and interactions. This new approach providesa way of making small changes in one part of a network and thenfollowing changes elicited elsewhere." As its first gene subject, the team chose NGF, an essentialsu...Selenium Supplements Can Reduce Cancer Rates
...c practices, food availability and preferences and methods of food preparation. Although a 1995 Harvard University study of more than 62,000 nurses reported no anti-cancer benefits of selenium, Combs said that the researchers measured selenium in the toenail clippings of the nurses. "This method presumes th...The CIA Would Like To Know What Scientists Are Seeing Over The Rainbow
...e sets, called karyotypes, for changes because the methods rely on chemical stains that reveal only shades of gray. Pieces exchanged from one chromosome to another--a process called "translocation" that is often associated with disease--cannot easily be detected. And in diseased cells containing several ba...Researchers Corral Millions Of Microscopic Membranes
... as the basis for improved cell and drug screening methods because it is ideally suited for automation. The r... of membrane proteins. One of the most powerful methods for determining the structure of proteins is X-ray crystallography. For this method to work, however...Vietnamese Chemist Finds New Use For Old Cashew Shells
...industry.Then, other countries may want to use our methods and materials,"said Vu. That would bring a big boost to the economy of Vietnam, but itwould also mean long-term environmental benefits. Relying onrenewable resources rather than oil-based chemicals is a majoradvantage. And, no one will have to worry ...Ten Years of Progress For Superfund Basic Research Program
...gerouspollutants. Caruso is developing ultra-trace methods to detectmetal pollutants including tin, arsenic and chromium. The key toaccurate risk assessment is knowing not only how much metal ispresent, but the exact form the metal is in. "For example, it's not uncommon for Gulf seafood to containarsenic," e...Scientists Urge Further Study Of Alarming Coral Reef Decline
...nations where scientists have been using identical methods tomonitor coral bleaching and the decline of species diversityaround coral reefs. An example of the rapidly declining animal populations canbe seen in the shrinking number of sponges living on coralsaround San Salvador island. Within three years...Herpes-Based Gene Therapy Is Key To Promising Liver Tumor Vaccine
...ersurgery. Sloan-Kettering surgeons have pioneered methods to boostthe immune system in such patients, in an ...Federoff says,much faster than other gene delivery methods like retroviruses.That's fast enough for cells to be modified and put back into apatient during the ...Herpes-Based Gene Therapy Is Key To Promising Liver Tumor Vaccine
...r surgery. Sloan-Kettering surgeons have pioneered methods to boost the immune system in such patients, in an...ederoff says, much faster than other gene delivery methods like retroviruses. That's fast enough for cells to be modified and put back into a patient during th...Hot 'Lanta: NASA, School Kids Team To Study How Trees Help Cities Keep Their Cool
...sed for analyzing the images also are derived from methods used to study the planets. False Colors For True Images The red, green, and blue we know in human vision are just broad channels within the 400 to 700 nanometer (nm)wavelength band that covers visible light. ATLAS sees in six visible light channe...Munching Microbes Make A Meal Out Of Toxic Substances
...wever, Nies says, there are some relatively simple methods for aerating soil, such as using blowers or compre...pumping it into the ground. There are a variety of methods we can use." One of the problems with bioremediation is that not many professionals are qualified to......r more than a decade. "There are simple test-tube methods to determine which enzyme metabolizes a new drug," said Levy. "While we are still in the research phase, we are already performing these analyses for the pharmaceutical industry. In fact, as new drugs are developed, the FDA now requires as part of it...